Lunar and Martian Silica
1
Creative Interdisciplinary Research Division, Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
2
Department of Earth and Planetary Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
3
Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
4
Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
5
Department of Systems Innovation, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
6
University Museum, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Minerals 2018, 8(7), 267; https://doi.org/10.3390/min8070267
Received: 1 May 2018 / Revised: 13 June 2018 / Accepted: 14 June 2018 / Published: 25 June 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineralogy of Quartz and Silica Minerals)
Silica polymorphs, such as quartz, tridymite, cristobalite, coesite, stishovite, seifertite, baddeleyite-type SiO2, high-pressure silica glass, moganite, and opal, have been found in lunar and/or martian rocks by macro-microanalyses of the samples and remote-sensing observations on the celestial bodies. Because each silica polymorph is stable or metastable at different pressure and temperature conditions, its appearance is variable depending on the occurrence of the lunar and martian rocks. In other words, types of silica polymorphs provide valuable information on the igneous process (e.g., crystallization temperature and cooling rate), shock metamorphism (e.g., shock pressure and temperature), and hydrothermal fluid activity (e.g., pH and water content), implying their importance in planetary science. Therefore, this article focused on reviewing and summarizing the representative and important investigations of lunar and martian silica from the viewpoints of its discovery from lunar and martian materials, the formation processes, the implications for planetary science, and the future prospects in the field of “micro-mineralogy”.
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Keywords:
silica; moon; Mars; lunar and martian meteorites; Apollo samples; remote-sensing observation; igneous process; shock metamorphism; hydrothermal fluid activity
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MDPI and ACS Style
Kayama, M.; Nagaoka, H.; Niihara, T. Lunar and Martian Silica. Minerals 2018, 8, 267.
AMA Style
Kayama M, Nagaoka H, Niihara T. Lunar and Martian Silica. Minerals. 2018; 8(7):267.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKayama, Masahiro; Nagaoka, Hiroshi; Niihara, Takafumi. 2018. "Lunar and Martian Silica" Minerals 8, no. 7: 267.
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