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Article

Optical and Electronic Microscope for Minero-Petrographic and Microchemical Studies of Lime Binders of Ancient Mortars

1
CNR-ISPC-Institute of Heritage Science (Florence Unit), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
2
Earth Sciences Department, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Minerals 2022, 12(1), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/min12010041
Submission received: 11 November 2021 / Revised: 12 December 2021 / Accepted: 22 December 2021 / Published: 28 December 2021

Abstract

In this paper, the advances in the use of optical and electronic microscope for study of the minero-petrographic and microchemical features of lime binders of ancient mortars are discussed for various case studies. Mortars belonging to several historic periods and with different functions in building structures and archaeological sites were selected in order to verify the complementarity of optical and electronic microscope analyses applied to these artificial materials. The data obtained with the application of optical and microscope analyses were able to provide detailed and more precise information on the composition, structure, and texture of lime binders, highlighting the features of air hardening calcitic lime binder, air hardening magnesian lime binder, natural hydraulic lime binder, and air hardening binders with materials providing hydraulic characteristics added. Furthermore, a complete analysis and classification of the lime lumps was determined.
Keywords: ancient mortar; binder; lime; optical and electronic microscope ancient mortar; binder; lime; optical and electronic microscope

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cantisani, E.; Fratini, F.; Pecchioni, E. Optical and Electronic Microscope for Minero-Petrographic and Microchemical Studies of Lime Binders of Ancient Mortars. Minerals 2022, 12, 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12010041

AMA Style

Cantisani E, Fratini F, Pecchioni E. Optical and Electronic Microscope for Minero-Petrographic and Microchemical Studies of Lime Binders of Ancient Mortars. Minerals. 2022; 12(1):41. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12010041

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cantisani, Emma, Fabio Fratini, and Elena Pecchioni. 2022. "Optical and Electronic Microscope for Minero-Petrographic and Microchemical Studies of Lime Binders of Ancient Mortars" Minerals 12, no. 1: 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12010041

APA Style

Cantisani, E., Fratini, F., & Pecchioni, E. (2022). Optical and Electronic Microscope for Minero-Petrographic and Microchemical Studies of Lime Binders of Ancient Mortars. Minerals, 12(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12010041

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