An Application of the Extended Global SO(3) × SO(3) × U(1) Symmetry of the Hubbard Model on a Square Lattice: The Spinon, η-Spinon, and c Fermion Description
by
Jose M. P. Carmelo 1,2,* and Maria J. Sampaio 1
Jose M. P. Carmelo 1,2,* and Maria J. Sampaio 1
1
Center of Physics, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, P-4710-057 Braga, Portugal
2
Institut für Theoretische Physik III, Universität Stuttgart, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Symmetry 2011, 3(4), 780-827; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym3040780
Received: 17 October 2011 / Revised: 24 November 2011 / Accepted: 30 November 2011 / Published: 12 December 2011
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetries of Electronic Order)
In this paper we review recent results on the preliminary applications of the new-found extended global SO(3) × SO(3) × U(1) symmetry of the Hubbard model on a bipartite lattice. Our results refer to the particular case of the bipartite square lattice. Specifically, we review a general description for such a model with nearest-neighbor transfer integral t and on-site repulsion U on a square lattice with N2a 1 sites consistent with its extended global symmetry. It refers to three types of elementary objects whose occupancy configurations generate the state representations of the model extended global symmetry. Such objects emerge from a suitable electron-rotated-electron unitary transformation. An application to the spin spectrum of the parent compound La2CuO4 is shortly reviewed.
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Carmelo, J.M.P.; Sampaio, M.J. An Application of the Extended Global SO(3) × SO(3) × U(1) Symmetry of the Hubbard Model on a Square Lattice: The Spinon, η-Spinon, and c Fermion Description. Symmetry 2011, 3, 780-827.
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