Influence of Bearing on Pier Failure Considering the Separation Condition under Near-Fault Earthquake
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Model and Vertical Displacement Calculation
- (1).
- When the bridge is forced to resonate, the structural force and displacement response are always calculated by elastic deformation.
- (2).
- During seismic action, there are often stops in the lateral direction. This study only considers the coupling of vertical and longitudinal seismic activities.
- (3).
- Ignore the difference in the arrival time of the horizontal and vertical seismic waves, assuming that the earthquakes in both directions are excited at the same time.
- (4).
- The bottom of the abutment and pier is set on the hard rock, and the interaction between rock and soil is ignored.
- (5).
- The gap between the abutment and girder is ignored.
2.1. Theoretical Solution of Displacement Response of Bridge in Vertical Contact Stage
2.2. Corresponding Theoretical Solution of Bridge Vertical Separation Stage Displacement
2.3. Corresponding Theoretical Solution of Bridge Vertical Separation Stage Displacement
3. Numerical Analysis and Calculation
3.1. Effect of Vertical Separation on the Failure of Bridge Piers
3.2. Influence of Bearing Damping on the Failure of Bridge Piers
3.3. Influence of Bearing Stiffness on the Failure of Bridge Piers
4. Conclusions
- The influence of the pier and girder split on pier failure is different under different pier heights. When and , the vertical earthquake causes the separation of the girder and the pier and produces a great impact force, but the separation has little effect on the longitudinal displacement response of the bridge. When , the separation may increase the longitudinal displacement response of the girder and pier, resulting in the bending failure of the pier.
- When and , the total bending moment at the bottom of the pier changes little no matter whether it is separated or not, and most of the bending moment is produced by the forced resonance of the pier. However, the vertical impact force may reduce the allowable bending moment at the bottom of the pier and cause or aggravate the damage of the pier. When , the separation greatly increases the total bending moment at the bottom of the pier, and the collision also reduces the allowable bending moment. Therefore, in the three cases, neglecting the structural separation at may underestimate the bridge failure.
- When , the bearing damping has little effect on reducing the damage of pier. When , due to the longitudinal resonance effect, the increased damping can greatly reduce the bending moment at the bottom of the pier. When , the bending moment at the bottom of the pier decreases slowly with the increase of damping, especially when considering separation. Simply increasing the bearing damping cannot reduce the damage of the pier.
- With the increase of the bearing’s stiffness, the longitudinal relative displacement of the pier and beam has little change under the three conditions, but the vertical collision force increases monotonously with the increase of pier stiffness. When and , the total bending moment changes little with the increase of stiffness and the allowable bending moment decreases gradually, which may cause or aggravate the pier failure. While , with the increase of bearing stiffness, the total bending moment increases gradually, and the allowable bending moment decreases gradually when considering separation. Compared with the first two cases, the bearing stiffness has the greatest impact on the pier failure.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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An, W.; Song, G. Influence of Bearing on Pier Failure Considering the Separation Condition under Near-Fault Earthquake. Symmetry 2021, 13, 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13040692
An W, Song G. Influence of Bearing on Pier Failure Considering the Separation Condition under Near-Fault Earthquake. Symmetry. 2021; 13(4):692. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13040692
Chicago/Turabian StyleAn, Wenjun, and Guquan Song. 2021. "Influence of Bearing on Pier Failure Considering the Separation Condition under Near-Fault Earthquake" Symmetry 13, no. 4: 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13040692
APA StyleAn, W., & Song, G. (2021). Influence of Bearing on Pier Failure Considering the Separation Condition under Near-Fault Earthquake. Symmetry, 13(4), 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13040692