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Symmetry
Volume 12
Issue 7
10.3390/sym12071182
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Review

Down Syndrome Face Recognition: A Review

by
Olalekan Agbolade
1,*,
Azree Nazri
1,*,
Razali Yaakob
1,
Abdul Azim Ghani
2 and
Yoke Kqueen Cheah
3
1
Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer Science & IT, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
2
Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science & IT, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
3
Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Symmetry 2020, 12(7), 1182; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12071182
Submission received: 22 March 2020 / Revised: 6 April 2020 / Accepted: 7 April 2020 / Published: 17 July 2020
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Abstract

One of the most pertinent applications of image analysis is face recognition and one of the most common genetic disorders is Down syndrome (DS), which is caused by chromosome abnormalities in humans. It is currently a challenge in computer vision in the domain of DS face recognition to build an automated system that equals the human ability to recognize face as one of the symmetrical structures in the body. Consequently, the use of machine learning methods has facilitated the recognition of facial dysmorphic features associated with DS. This paper aims to present a concise review of DS face recognition using the currently published literature by following the generic face recognition pipeline (face detection, feature extraction, and classification) and to identify critical knowledge gaps and directions for future research. The technologies underlying facial analysis presented in recent studies have helped expert clinicians in general genetic disorders and DS prediction.
Keywords: face recognition; Down syndrome; computer vision; face dysmorphology face recognition; Down syndrome; computer vision; face dysmorphology
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MDPI and ACS Style

Agbolade, O.; Nazri, A.; Yaakob, R.; Ghani, A.A.; Cheah, Y.K. Down Syndrome Face Recognition: A Review. Symmetry 2020, 12, 1182. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12071182

AMA Style

Agbolade O, Nazri A, Yaakob R, Ghani AA, Cheah YK. Down Syndrome Face Recognition: A Review. Symmetry. 2020; 12(7):1182. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12071182

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agbolade, Olalekan, Azree Nazri, Razali Yaakob, Abdul Azim Ghani, and Yoke Kqueen Cheah. 2020. "Down Syndrome Face Recognition: A Review" Symmetry 12, no. 7: 1182. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12071182

APA Style

Agbolade, O., Nazri, A., Yaakob, R., Ghani, A. A., & Cheah, Y. K. (2020). Down Syndrome Face Recognition: A Review. Symmetry, 12(7), 1182. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12071182

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