An Adaptive Routing-Forwarding Control Scheme Based on an Intelligent Fuzzy Decision-Making System for Opportunistic Social Networks
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- A fuzzy inference model is proposed to implement the fusion of multiple social information of mobile users, thereby providing a reliable and stable strategy for opportunistic message routing and forwarding.
- To synthetically evaluate the impact of each social characteristic on the data transmission process in OSNs, we combine the fuzzy inference logic with the analytic hierarchy process, and more importantly, with exploring the data transmission relationships among mobile users.
- On the basis of a feedback mechanism, we are able to build a relatively stable and sustained data transmission connectivity between the source nodes and destinations in opportunistic mobile social network environments.
- Ultimately, simulation results demonstrate that this scheme reduces the network delay and the overhead ratio, and enhances the delivery ratio as compared to several other typical or latest routing protocols in the OSNs.
2. Related Works
2.1. The Proposed Profile-Aware Routing Algorithms for Opportunistic Mobile Social Networks
2.2. The Proposed Profile-Ignorant Routing Algorithms for Opportunistic Mobile Social Networks
3. System Model Design
3.1. The Overall Structure of Intelligent Fuzzy Decision-Making System for Opportunistic Mobile Social Networks
3.2. Fuzzy Pattern Recognition Process for Node Classification in Opportunistic Mobile Social Networks
3.2.1. Information Quantification and Determining Membership Degrees for Fuzzy Input
3.2.2. Fuzzy Pattern Recognition for Node Classification in Opportunistic Mobile Social Networks
3.3. Reasonable Weight Allocation and Inference of Fuzzy Relationships Via the Analytic Hierarchy Process
3.4. Information Fusion and Fuzzy Decision-Making for Message Routing-Forwarding in Opportunistic Mobile Social Networks
3.5. Algorithm Complexity Analysis
Algorithm 1 Fuzzy pattern cognition and decision model |
Input: social attributes of users Output:
|
4. Simulation And Analysis
4.1. Setting of Experimental Parameters
4.2. Experimental Measurement Metrics
4.3. Analysis of Experimental Results
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
OSNs | opportunistic social networks |
DTNs | delay tolerant networks |
SNS | social network service |
AHP | analytic hierarchy process |
EpSoc | a flooding-based social-based routing protocol |
Tanh | tanhyperbolic function |
Markov | markov Andrey chain |
CoA | center of area |
MoM | mean of maximum |
ONE | opportunistic networking environment |
FPRDM | an adaptive control scheme based on intelligent fuzzy decision-making system |
FCNS | fuzzy routing-forwarding algorithm exploiting comprehensive node similarity |
ICMT | information cache management and data transmission algorithm |
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W | ⋯ | |||
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1 | ⋯ | |||
1 | ⋯ | |||
⋮ | ⋮ | ⋮ | ⋱ | ⋮ |
⋯ | 1 |
Dataset | Infocom5 | Infocom6 | Cambridge | Intel |
---|---|---|---|---|
Device | iMote | iMote | iMote | iMote |
Duration (days) | 3.5 | 4 | 11 | 3.5 |
Number of experimental devices | 41 | 98 | 50 | 8 |
Number of internal contacts iMote | 2245 | 1706 | 1087 | 1364 |
Simulation Environment | Description |
---|---|
Simulator | Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) |
Communication area | 3000 × 3000 |
Total simulation time (h) | 10–20 |
Number of nodes N | 100 (initial value), 200, 400, 600 |
Cache space of a node C (Mb) | 10 (initial value), 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 |
Speed of a node (m/s) | 1-25 |
Initial energy for a node (J) | 200 |
Number of social features | 8 |
Three location parameters , , | , , |
Three scale parameters , , |
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Zhu, Y.; Zhang, L.; Shi, H.; Hwang, K.-S.; Shi, X.; Luo, S. An Adaptive Routing-Forwarding Control Scheme Based on an Intelligent Fuzzy Decision-Making System for Opportunistic Social Networks. Symmetry 2019, 11, 1095. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11091095
Zhu Y, Zhang L, Shi H, Hwang K-S, Shi X, Luo S. An Adaptive Routing-Forwarding Control Scheme Based on an Intelligent Fuzzy Decision-Making System for Opportunistic Social Networks. Symmetry. 2019; 11(9):1095. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11091095
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhu, Yian, Lin Zhang, Haobin Shi, Kao-Shing Hwang, Xianchen Shi, and Shuyan Luo. 2019. "An Adaptive Routing-Forwarding Control Scheme Based on an Intelligent Fuzzy Decision-Making System for Opportunistic Social Networks" Symmetry 11, no. 9: 1095. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11091095
APA StyleZhu, Y., Zhang, L., Shi, H., Hwang, K.-S., Shi, X., & Luo, S. (2019). An Adaptive Routing-Forwarding Control Scheme Based on an Intelligent Fuzzy Decision-Making System for Opportunistic Social Networks. Symmetry, 11(9), 1095. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11091095