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10.3390/land13081322
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Article

Identifying Trade-Offs and Synergies of Production–Living–Ecological Functions and Their Drivers: The Case of Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations in China

by
Liang Zheng
1,2,
Yajing Wang
3,4,
Hui Yang
3,4,
Yuzhe Bi
3,4,
Lei Xu
5 and
Ying Wang
3,4,*
1
Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research, Wuhan 430074, China
2
Key Laboratory of Changjiang Regulation and Protection of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan 430074, China
3
School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
4
China Key Laboratory of Rule of Law Research, Ministry of Natural Resources, Wuhan 430074, China
5
Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone (Hannan District) Natural Resources and Planning Bureau, Wuhan 430056, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Land 2024, 13(8), 1322; https://doi.org/10.3390/land13081322
Submission received: 16 July 2024 / Revised: 13 August 2024 / Accepted: 13 August 2024 / Published: 21 August 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urbanization and Ecological Sustainability)
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Abstract

Urban agglomerations are products of urban development, and their regional spaces and functions are more diverse than other cities, which have very high spatial and functional complexity. It is important to clarify the relationships between production–living–ecological (PLE) functions in urban agglomerations to achieve sustainable development. In this study, we took the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations (MRYRUA) as an example to construct an evaluation index system of regional PLE functions in urban agglomerations. Then, the Pearson correlation model and geographically weighted regression were applied to investigate the relationships between PLE functions and their driving forces. The results showed that the PLE functions in the MRYRUA increased from 2008 to 2018, with the level of the ecological function being higher than the production and living functions. The relationships among PLE functions were dominated by synergies in most cities, though trade-offs had become more evident in the last few years for the whole study area. Trade-offs and synergies among PLE functions were influenced by both natural and socioeconomic factors, with the latter having a stronger effect. Our findings provide a reference for understanding the spatial variations and trade-offs among PLE functions in MRYRUA as well as for balancing the development of PLE functions.
Keywords: production–living–ecological functions; spatiotemporal patterns; driving mechanism; trade-offs and synergies; Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations in China production–living–ecological functions; spatiotemporal patterns; driving mechanism; trade-offs and synergies; Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations in China

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zheng, L.; Wang, Y.; Yang, H.; Bi, Y.; Xu, L.; Wang, Y. Identifying Trade-Offs and Synergies of Production–Living–Ecological Functions and Their Drivers: The Case of Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations in China. Land 2024, 13, 1322. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13081322

AMA Style

Zheng L, Wang Y, Yang H, Bi Y, Xu L, Wang Y. Identifying Trade-Offs and Synergies of Production–Living–Ecological Functions and Their Drivers: The Case of Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations in China. Land. 2024; 13(8):1322. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13081322

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zheng, Liang, Yajing Wang, Hui Yang, Yuzhe Bi, Lei Xu, and Ying Wang. 2024. "Identifying Trade-Offs and Synergies of Production–Living–Ecological Functions and Their Drivers: The Case of Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations in China" Land 13, no. 8: 1322. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13081322

APA Style

Zheng, L., Wang, Y., Yang, H., Bi, Y., Xu, L., & Wang, Y. (2024). Identifying Trade-Offs and Synergies of Production–Living–Ecological Functions and Their Drivers: The Case of Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations in China. Land, 13(8), 1322. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13081322

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