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Volume 11
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10.3390/land11122146
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Article

Cation Exchange Resins for Predicting Available K on K-Deficient Soils: Extraction Capacity among Different Soil K Pools and First Insights on the Contribution of K Solubilized by Rhizosphere Microbes

by
Fotis Bilias
*,
Eleni Kotsangeli
,
Ioannis Ipsilantis
and
Nikolaos Barbayiannis
Soil Science Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Land 2022, 11(12), 2146; https://doi.org/10.3390/land11122146
Submission received: 7 November 2022 / Revised: 24 November 2022 / Accepted: 25 November 2022 / Published: 28 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Influence on Soil Quality of Agriculture and Forest Management: Assessment, Mitigation and Best Management Practices)
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Abstract

The contribution of non-exchangeable soil K in the total K availability may be essential to K deficient soils; however, less attention has been paid so far for proposing soil tests that assess the bioavailable structural K that is solubilized by soil microbes during a growing season. The objectives of this study were to evaluate cation exchange resins for their performance in predicting K uptake by plants; to investigate the relationships between rhizosphere soil microbes, different soil K pools, and soil parameters; and to assess their exchange capacity with respect to K derived by feldspars. A pot experiment with winter wheat was conducted on K deficient soils, several soil tests were examined, and rhizosphere K solubilizing microbial population was assessed. Single and multiple regressions showed that cation resins performed better in predicting total plant K uptake than the other chemical extractants (r2 = 0.64, r2 = 0.85, respectively, p ≤ 0.001), whereas the PCA analysis and Pearson correlation tests revealed a positive correlation between K derived by feldspars, K uptake, and the K solubilizing rhizosphere microbial population. The above was further confirmed by the mapping of cation resins of extraction capacity, which showed a significant contribution of K derived by feldspars (15.6%).
Keywords: structural K; potassium availability; K solubilizing microbes; K soil testing structural K; potassium availability; K solubilizing microbes; K soil testing

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bilias, F.; Kotsangeli, E.; Ipsilantis, I.; Barbayiannis, N. Cation Exchange Resins for Predicting Available K on K-Deficient Soils: Extraction Capacity among Different Soil K Pools and First Insights on the Contribution of K Solubilized by Rhizosphere Microbes. Land 2022, 11, 2146. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11122146

AMA Style

Bilias F, Kotsangeli E, Ipsilantis I, Barbayiannis N. Cation Exchange Resins for Predicting Available K on K-Deficient Soils: Extraction Capacity among Different Soil K Pools and First Insights on the Contribution of K Solubilized by Rhizosphere Microbes. Land. 2022; 11(12):2146. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11122146

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bilias, Fotis, Eleni Kotsangeli, Ioannis Ipsilantis, and Nikolaos Barbayiannis. 2022. "Cation Exchange Resins for Predicting Available K on K-Deficient Soils: Extraction Capacity among Different Soil K Pools and First Insights on the Contribution of K Solubilized by Rhizosphere Microbes" Land 11, no. 12: 2146. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11122146

APA Style

Bilias, F., Kotsangeli, E., Ipsilantis, I., & Barbayiannis, N. (2022). Cation Exchange Resins for Predicting Available K on K-Deficient Soils: Extraction Capacity among Different Soil K Pools and First Insights on the Contribution of K Solubilized by Rhizosphere Microbes. Land, 11(12), 2146. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11122146

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