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Influence of the Oxic-Settling-Anaerobic (OSA) Process on Methane Production by Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge
 
 
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Volume 15
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10.3390/w15040729
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Article

Effect of Varying Zinc Concentrations on the Biomethane Potential of Sewage Sludge

by
Manoj Kumar
1,*,
Silvio Matassa
1,
Francesco Bianco
2,
Armando Oliva
1,
Stefano Papirio
1,
Francesco Pirozzi
1,
Francesco De Paola
1 and
Giovanni Esposito
1
1
Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy
2
Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2023, 15(4), 729; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15040729
Submission received: 22 December 2022 / Revised: 4 February 2023 / Accepted: 10 February 2023 / Published: 12 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Aerobic and Anaerobic Wastewater and Sludge Treatment and Recovery)
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Abstract

The anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge is highly sensitive to high zinc concentrations. Although sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) activity can negatively affect methanogenesis, SRB-mediated metal sulfide precipitation can alleviate zinc toxicity. A series of mesophilic anaerobic batch experiments was performed for the biomethane potential of three different sewage sludge samples for 74 days using the background sludge zinc content, alone or in combination with the external addition of 200, 300 and 400 mg Zn/L. The highest biomethane production was 165 ± 1 mL CH4/g VS using activated sludge (AS) with a background concentration of 93 mg Zn/L. A slight decrease in the biomethane yield (i.e., 157 ± 1, 158 ± 1 and 159 ± 1 mL CH4/g VS) was obtained in the presence of 293, 393 and 493 mg Zn/L, respectively. The potential reason for the high methanogenic activity at high inlet Zn concentrations could be that the AS used in this study was already acclimated to those conditions. Zinc was likely removed from the system by sulfide precipitation, and a removal efficiency above 99% was achieved under all zinc concentrations. A sulfate reduction efficiency of 99% was also obtained. Overall, this study details the potential utilization of biogenic sulfide as a metal detoxifying agent without detrimental effects on methane production from sewage sludge.
Keywords: anaerobic digestion; sewage sludge; biomethane production; zinc; sulfate reduction anaerobic digestion; sewage sludge; biomethane production; zinc; sulfate reduction

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kumar, M.; Matassa, S.; Bianco, F.; Oliva, A.; Papirio, S.; Pirozzi, F.; De Paola, F.; Esposito, G. Effect of Varying Zinc Concentrations on the Biomethane Potential of Sewage Sludge. Water 2023, 15, 729. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15040729

AMA Style

Kumar M, Matassa S, Bianco F, Oliva A, Papirio S, Pirozzi F, De Paola F, Esposito G. Effect of Varying Zinc Concentrations on the Biomethane Potential of Sewage Sludge. Water. 2023; 15(4):729. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15040729

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kumar, Manoj, Silvio Matassa, Francesco Bianco, Armando Oliva, Stefano Papirio, Francesco Pirozzi, Francesco De Paola, and Giovanni Esposito. 2023. "Effect of Varying Zinc Concentrations on the Biomethane Potential of Sewage Sludge" Water 15, no. 4: 729. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15040729

APA Style

Kumar, M., Matassa, S., Bianco, F., Oliva, A., Papirio, S., Pirozzi, F., De Paola, F., & Esposito, G. (2023). Effect of Varying Zinc Concentrations on the Biomethane Potential of Sewage Sludge. Water, 15(4), 729. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15040729

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