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Volume 15
Issue 22
10.3390/w15223964
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Case Report

A Cyber-Physical All-Hazard Risk Management Approach: The Case of the Wastewater Treatment Plant of Copenhagen

by
Camillo Bosco
1,*,
Carsten Thirsing
2,
Martin Gilje Jaatun
3 and
Rita Ugarelli
1
1
SINTEF Community, S.P. Andersens vei 3, 7031 Trondheim, Norway
2
BIOFOS, Refshalevej 250, 1432 Copenhagen, Denmark
3
SINTEF Digital, Strindvegen 4, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2023, 15(22), 3964; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223964
Submission received: 25 September 2023 / Revised: 31 October 2023 / Accepted: 13 November 2023 / Published: 15 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cyber-Physical Security for the Water Sector)
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Abstract

The ongoing digitalization of critical infrastructures enables more efficient processes, but also comes with new challenges related to potential cyber-physical attacks or incidents. To manage their associated risk, a precise and systematic framework should be adopted. This paper describes a general methodology that is consistent with the Risk Management ISO (31000-2018) and builds on specific tools developed within the H2020 digital-water.city (DWC) project. The approach has been demonstrated for a digital solution of the DWC project that allows to visualize inflow predictions for the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in the city of Copenhagen. Specifically, the risk assessment and risk treatment steps are demonstrated in the case of the spoofing of the web interface where misleading forecast data may turn into fallacious maintenance schedules for the operators. The adopted methodology applied to the selected use case led to the identification of convenient measures for risk mitigation.
Keywords: cyber-security; risk management; water system cyber-physical risk; wastewater management cyber-security; risk management; water system cyber-physical risk; wastewater management

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bosco, C.; Thirsing, C.; Jaatun, M.G.; Ugarelli, R. A Cyber-Physical All-Hazard Risk Management Approach: The Case of the Wastewater Treatment Plant of Copenhagen. Water 2023, 15, 3964. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223964

AMA Style

Bosco C, Thirsing C, Jaatun MG, Ugarelli R. A Cyber-Physical All-Hazard Risk Management Approach: The Case of the Wastewater Treatment Plant of Copenhagen. Water. 2023; 15(22):3964. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223964

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bosco, Camillo, Carsten Thirsing, Martin Gilje Jaatun, and Rita Ugarelli. 2023. "A Cyber-Physical All-Hazard Risk Management Approach: The Case of the Wastewater Treatment Plant of Copenhagen" Water 15, no. 22: 3964. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223964

APA Style

Bosco, C., Thirsing, C., Jaatun, M. G., & Ugarelli, R. (2023). A Cyber-Physical All-Hazard Risk Management Approach: The Case of the Wastewater Treatment Plant of Copenhagen. Water, 15(22), 3964. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223964

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