Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Yield, Quality, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Greenhouse Muskmelon
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Site Description
2.2. Experimental Treatments and Design
2.2.1. Irrigation Application LI-COR, Lincoln, NE, USA
2.2.2. Nutrient Application
2.2.3. Plant Management
2.3. Measurements and Calculations
2.3.1. Above-Ground Dry Matter Accumulation
2.3.2. Fruit yield, IWUE, and NUE
2.3.3. Quality and Shape Index of Muskmelon Fruit
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Amount of Applied Irrigation Water
3.2. Dry Matter Accumulation (DMA)
3.3. Yield, IWUE, NUE
3.4. Quality and Shape Index of Muskmelon Fruit
4. Discussion
4.1. Amount of Applied Irrigation Water
4.2. Dry Matter Accumulation
4.3. Yield, IWUE, NUE
4.4. Quality
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Season | Depth | Soil Bulk Density | Field Capacity | Electrical Conductivity | Total Nitrogen Content | Available Phosphorus | Available Potassium | Organic Carbon | Texture Class |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(cm) | g cm−3 | (Vw) | (dSm−1) | g kg−1 | mg kg−1 | mg kg−1 | g kg−1 | ||
2020 | 0–20 | 1.48 | 24.31 | 0.4 | 0.98 | 74.8 | 135.9 | 16.8 | Sandy loam |
2021 | 0–20 | 1.43 | 25.11 | 0.4 | 1.02 | 75.7 | 137.7 | 17.3 | Sandy loam |
Experiment Treatment | 2020 | 2021 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Irrigation Level | Nitrogen Level | MFW | MFY | IWUE | NUE | MFW | MFY | IWUE | NUE |
(g) | (t ha−1) | (kg m−3) | (kg kg−1N) | (g) | (t ha−1) | (kg m−3) | (kg kg−1N) | ||
W1 | N1 | 713.90 d | 22.31 d | 17.02 b | 371.83 b | 702.47 e | 21.95 e | 17.46 c | 365.87 b |
N2 | 768.52 bc | 24.02 bc | 18.32 a | 252.80 d | 743.65 d | 23.24 d | 18.48 b | 244.62 d | |
N3 | 778.75 b | 24.34 b | 18.56 a | 187.20 f | 760.87 c | 23.78 c | 18.91 a | 182.90 f | |
W2 | N1 | 758.10 c | 23.69 c | 14.90 c | 394.84 a | 741.01 d | 23.16 d | 15.21 d | 385.95 a |
N2 | 864.07 a | 27.00 a | 16.99 b | 284.23 c | 843.16 b | 26.35 b | 17.30 c | 277.35 c | |
N3 | 868.38 a | 27.14 a | 17.07 b | 208.75 e | 853.37 ab | 26.67 ab | 17.51 c | 205.14 e | |
W3 | N1 | 755.59 c | 23.61 c | 12.64 d | 393.54 a | 748.60 cd | 23.39 cd | 13.08 e | 389.90 a |
N2 | 869.03 a | 27.16 a | 14.54 c | 285.86 c | 857.65 ab | 26.80 ab | 14.99 d | 282.12 c | |
N3 | 876.26 a | 27.38 a | 14.66 c | 210.64 e | 867.09 a | 27.10 a | 15.15 d | 208.43 e |
Experiment Treatment | 2020 | 2021 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Irrigation Level | Nitrogen Level | TSS | Vc | Nitrate | FSI | TSS | Vc | Nitrate | FSI |
(%) | mg/kg | µg/g | (%) | mg/kg | µg/g | ||||
W1 | N1 | 11.29 b | 33.26 b | 36.98 e | 0.94 a | 10.80 b | 32.63 b | 34.78 d | 0.94 a |
N2 | 12.49 a | 37.97 a | 45.06 c | 0.95 a | 12.04 a | 35.26 a | 41.19 c | 0.95 a | |
N3 | 11.36 b | 32.65 b | 55.41 a | 0.94 a | 11.32 b | 31.14 c | 52.50 a | 0.94 a | |
W2 | N1 | 10.16 e | 30.15 cd | 29.09 g | 0.94 a | 9.97 c | 29.57 ef | 30.67 e | 0.94 a |
N2 | 11.00 bc | 37.27 a | 39.42 de | 0.94 a | 11.18 b | 31.54 bc | 40.74 c | 0.94 a | |
N3 | 10.26 de | 31.63 bc | 51.01 b | 0.94 a | 9.99 c | 30.06 de | 48.32 b | 0.94 a | |
W3 | N1 | 9.27 f | 29.07 d | 23.22 k | 0.95 a | 8.78 d | 28.53 f | 22.10 f | 0.94 a |
N2 | 10.65 cd | 31.36 bcd | 32.93 f | 0.94 a | 10.01 c | 29.42 ef | 29.48 e | 0.94 a | |
N3 | 9.55 f | 30.90 bcd | 41.47 d | 0.94 a | 8.84 d | 29.45 ef | 41.48 c | 0.94 a |
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Yue, W.; Chen, S.; Gao, L.; Li, N.; Liu, L. Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Yield, Quality, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Greenhouse Muskmelon. Water 2023, 15, 2603. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15142603
Yue W, Chen S, Gao L, Li N, Liu L. Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Yield, Quality, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Greenhouse Muskmelon. Water. 2023; 15(14):2603. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15142603
Chicago/Turabian StyleYue, Wenjun, Si Chen, Lihua Gao, Ningyu Li, and Linsong Liu. 2023. "Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Yield, Quality, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Greenhouse Muskmelon" Water 15, no. 14: 2603. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15142603