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10.3390/w14030420
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Article

Using Time-Lapse Resistivity Imaging Methods to Quantitatively Evaluate the Potential of Groundwater Reservoirs

by
Ping-Yu Chang
1,*,
Jordi Mahardika Puntu
1,
Ding-Jiun Lin
1,
Hsin-Ju Yao
1,2,
Liang-Cheng Chang
3,
Kuan-Hung Chen
3,
Wan-Jhong Lu
4,
Tzu-Hua Lai
4 and
Yonatan Garkebo Doyoro
1,5
1
Department of Earth Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
2
ThinkTron Ltd., Taipei 115, Taiwan
3
Department of Civil Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
4
Central Geological Survey of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taipei 115, Taiwan
5
Earth System Science, Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2022, 14(3), 420; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030420
Submission received: 15 December 2021 / Revised: 23 January 2022 / Accepted: 27 January 2022 / Published: 29 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research on Sustainable Water Resources Management and Planning under Climate Change)
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Abstract

In this study, we attempt to establish an alternative method for estimating the groundwater levels and the specific yields of an unconfined aquifer for the evaluation of potential groundwater reservoirs. We first converted the inverted resistivity into the normalized water content. Then, we inverted the parameters of the Brooks-Corey model from the vertical profiles of the water content by assuming that the suction head was in proportion to the elevation regarding a predefined base level. Lastly, we estimated the groundwater level, the theoretical specific yield, and the specific yield capacity from the Brooks-Corey parameters at every survey site in the study area. The contour maps of the time-lapse groundwater levels show that the groundwater flows downstream, with a higher hydraulic gradient near the river channel than in the area away from the main channel. We conclude that the estimated maximum specific yield capacities are consistent with that derived from the pumping tests in the nearby observation well. Additionally, the specific yield capacities are only three quarters to two thirds of the theoretical specific yields derived from the difference between the residual and saturated water contents in the Brooks-Corey model. We conclude that the distribution pattern of the specific yields had been subjected to the distribution of natural river sediments in the Minzu Basin, since the modern channel was artificially modified. Although we had to make some simple assumptions for the estimations, the results show that the surface resistivity surveys provide reasonable estimations of the hydraulic parameters for a preliminary assessment in an area with few available wells.
Keywords: groundwater; time-lapse; resistivity imaging method; specific yield groundwater; time-lapse; resistivity imaging method; specific yield

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chang, P.-Y.; Puntu, J.M.; Lin, D.-J.; Yao, H.-J.; Chang, L.-C.; Chen, K.-H.; Lu, W.-J.; Lai, T.-H.; Doyoro, Y.G. Using Time-Lapse Resistivity Imaging Methods to Quantitatively Evaluate the Potential of Groundwater Reservoirs. Water 2022, 14, 420. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030420

AMA Style

Chang P-Y, Puntu JM, Lin D-J, Yao H-J, Chang L-C, Chen K-H, Lu W-J, Lai T-H, Doyoro YG. Using Time-Lapse Resistivity Imaging Methods to Quantitatively Evaluate the Potential of Groundwater Reservoirs. Water. 2022; 14(3):420. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030420

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chang, Ping-Yu, Jordi Mahardika Puntu, Ding-Jiun Lin, Hsin-Ju Yao, Liang-Cheng Chang, Kuan-Hung Chen, Wan-Jhong Lu, Tzu-Hua Lai, and Yonatan Garkebo Doyoro. 2022. "Using Time-Lapse Resistivity Imaging Methods to Quantitatively Evaluate the Potential of Groundwater Reservoirs" Water 14, no. 3: 420. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030420

APA Style

Chang, P.-Y., Puntu, J. M., Lin, D.-J., Yao, H.-J., Chang, L.-C., Chen, K.-H., Lu, W.-J., Lai, T.-H., & Doyoro, Y. G. (2022). Using Time-Lapse Resistivity Imaging Methods to Quantitatively Evaluate the Potential of Groundwater Reservoirs. Water, 14(3), 420. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030420

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