An Enhanced Innovative Triangular Trend Analysis of Rainfall Based on a Spectral Approach
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Research Laboratory of Water Resources, Soil and Environment, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Amar Telidji University, Laghouat 3000, Algeria
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Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 97187 Lulea, Sweden
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Earth Sciences Faculty, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, BP 32, Bab Ezzouar 16311, Algeria
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Center for Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
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Petrochemical and Process Engineering Department, 20 August 1955 University, 26 Road, El Hadaiek-Skikda 21000, Algeria
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Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Chunhui Li
Water 2021, 13(5), 727; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13050727
Received: 17 January 2021
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Revised: 1 March 2021
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Accepted: 2 March 2021
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Published: 7 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research on Sustainable Water Resources Management and Planning under Climate Change)
The world is currently witnessing high rainfall variability at the spatiotemporal level. In this paper, data from three representative rain gauges in northern Algeria, from 1920 to 2011, at an annual scale, were used to assess a relatively new hybrid method, which combines the innovative triangular trend analysis (ITTA) with the orthogonal discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for partial trend identification. The analysis revealed that the period from 1950 to 1975 transported the wettest periods, followed by a long-term dry period beginning in 1973. The analysis also revealed a rainfall increase during the latter decade. The combined method (ITTA–DWT) showed a good efficiency for extreme rainfall event detection. In addition, the analysis indicated the inter- to multiannual phenomena that explained the short to medium processes that dominated the high rainfall variability, masking the partial trend components existing in the rainfall time series and making the identification of such trends a challenging task. The results indicate that the approaches—combining ITTA and selected input combination models resulting from the DWT—are auspicious compared to those found using the original rainfall observations. This analysis revealed that the ITTA–DWT method outperformed the ITTA method for partial trend identification, which proved DWT’s efficiency as a coupling method.
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Keywords:
innovative triangular trend analysis; discrete wavelet transform; hybrid method; rainfall; Algeria
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MDPI and ACS Style
Zerouali, B.; Al-Ansari, N.; Chettih, M.; Mohamed, M.; Abda, Z.; Santos, C.A.G.; Zerouali, B.; Elbeltagi, A. An Enhanced Innovative Triangular Trend Analysis of Rainfall Based on a Spectral Approach. Water 2021, 13, 727. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13050727
AMA Style
Zerouali B, Al-Ansari N, Chettih M, Mohamed M, Abda Z, Santos CAG, Zerouali B, Elbeltagi A. An Enhanced Innovative Triangular Trend Analysis of Rainfall Based on a Spectral Approach. Water. 2021; 13(5):727. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13050727
Chicago/Turabian StyleZerouali, Bilel, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Mohamed Chettih, Mesbah Mohamed, Zaki Abda, Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos, Bilal Zerouali, and Ahmed Elbeltagi. 2021. "An Enhanced Innovative Triangular Trend Analysis of Rainfall Based on a Spectral Approach" Water 13, no. 5: 727. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13050727
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