Optimization of Irrigation and Leaching Depths Considering the Cost of Water Using WASH_1D/2D Models
1
Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori 681-0061, Japan
2
Department of Soil Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
3
Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj 31587-77871, Iran
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2020, 12(9), 2549; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092549
Received: 9 August 2020 / Revised: 10 September 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 / Published: 12 September 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Subsurface Drainage and Water-Saving Irrigation in Sustainable Agriculture)
Optimization of water use with consideration of salinity control is a crucial task for crop production. A new scheme, “optimized irrigation”, was recently presented to determine irrigation depth using WASH_1D/2D which are numerical simulation models of water flow and solute transport in soils and crop growth. In the scheme, irrigation depth is determined such that net income is maximized considering the price of water and weather forecasts. To evaluate whether the optimized irrigation is also able to restrict salinity stress and avoid salinization without any intentional leaching, we carried out a numerical experiment for winter wheat grown in northern Sudan under the following scenarios: (1) Available water in the root zone is refilled using freshwater (0.17 g/L of NaCl) at every five days; (2) available water in the root zone is refilled using saline water (1.7 g/L) at every five days; (3) optimized irrigation using fresh water at 7-days interval; (4) optimized irrigation on a weekly basis using saline water; and (5) same as scenario 2, except for leaching is carried out at the middle of the growing season and leaching depth is optimized such that net income is maximized. The results showed that the optimized irrigation scheme automatically instructs additional water required for leaching at each irrigation event and maximizes the net income even under saline conditions.
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Keywords:
salinity stress; drought; solute transport; salinity control; net income
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MDPI and ACS Style
Fujimaki, H.; Abd El Baki, H.M.; Mohamad Mahdavi, S.; Ebrahimian, H. Optimization of Irrigation and Leaching Depths Considering the Cost of Water Using WASH_1D/2D Models. Water 2020, 12, 2549. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092549
AMA Style
Fujimaki H, Abd El Baki HM, Mohamad Mahdavi S, Ebrahimian H. Optimization of Irrigation and Leaching Depths Considering the Cost of Water Using WASH_1D/2D Models. Water. 2020; 12(9):2549. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092549
Chicago/Turabian StyleFujimaki, Haruyuki; Abd El Baki, Hassan M.; Mohamad Mahdavi, Seyed; Ebrahimian, Hamed. 2020. "Optimization of Irrigation and Leaching Depths Considering the Cost of Water Using WASH_1D/2D Models" Water 12, no. 9: 2549. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092549
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