Change Drivers and Impacts in Arctic Wetland Landscapes—Literature Review and Gap Analysis
1
Department of Physical Geography, and Bolin Center for Climate Research, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
2
Department of Analys and Policy, The Swedish Research Council Formas, SE-111 82 Stockholm, Sweden
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2019, 11(4), 722; https://doi.org/10.3390/w11040722
Received: 28 February 2019 / Revised: 1 April 2019 / Accepted: 4 April 2019 / Published: 6 April 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wetlands and Their Roles in the Ecohydrological Cycle under Global Climate Change)
Abstract
Wetlands are essential parts of Arctic landscapes, playing important roles for the sustainable development of the region, and linking to climate change and adaptation, ecosystem services, and the livelihood of local people. The effects of human and natural change drivers on key landscape characteristics of Arctic wetlands may be critical for ecosystem resilience, with some functional aspects still poorly understood. This paper reviews the scientific literature on change drivers for Arctic wetland landscapes, seeking to identify the main studied interactions among different drivers and landscape characteristics and their changes, as well as emerging research gaps in this context. In a total of 2232 studies of various aspects of Arctic wetland landscapes found in the literature, natural drivers and climate change have been the most studied change drivers so far, particularly regarding their impacts on carbon cycling, plant communities and biodiversity. In contrast, management plans, land use changes, and nutrient-pollutant loading, have not been investigated as much as human drivers of Arctic wetland change. This lack of study highlights essential gaps in wetland related research, and between such research and management of Arctic wetlands. View Full-TextKeywords:
Arctic wetland landscapes; change drivers; climate change; research gaps; wetland management
▼
Figures
Figure 1
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).
Share & Cite This Article
MDPI and ACS Style
Seifollahi-Aghmiuni, S.; Kalantari, Z.; Land, M.; Destouni, G. Change Drivers and Impacts in Arctic Wetland Landscapes—Literature Review and Gap Analysis. Water 2019, 11, 722.
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.