Seasonal Variations of High-Frequency Gravity Wave Momentum Fluxes and Their Forcing toward Zonal Winds in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere over Langfang, China (39.4° N, 116.7° E)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Data and Analysis Method
2.1. Momentum Flux Determination
2.2. Estimation of Mean Flow Acceleration
3. Observations and Results
3.1. Momentum Flux of GW and its Seasonal Variation
3.2. Observation and Estimation of Semi-Annual Oscillation Mean Flow Acceleration
3.3. Observation and Estimation of Quasi-4-Month Oscillation Mean Flow Acceleration
4. Discussion
4.1. Error Analysis
4.1.1. Momentum Flux Determination
4.1.2. Meteor Statistics
4.2. Seasonal Variation of GW Momentum Flux
4.3. Mean Flow Acceleration
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Month | Observed Acceleration of SAO Zonal Wind | Estimated Acceleration from GW Momentum Fluxes | Estimated Acceleration due to Coriolis Force | Percentage of Contribution of GWs | Percentage of Contribution of Coriolis Force |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
January | −10.83 | 7.18 | 7.00 | −66.30% | −64.62% |
February | −4.99 | 3.85 | 4.83 | −77.19% | −96.89% |
March | 5.84 | −3.24 | −2.16 | −55.50% | −37.05% |
April | 10.83 | −7.13 | −7.00 | −65.87% | −64.62% |
May | 4.99 | −3.78 | −4.83 | −75.86% | −96.89% |
June | −5.84 | 3.70 | 2.16 | −63.42% | −37.05% |
July | −10.83 | 7.50 | 7.00 | −69.23% | −64.62% |
August | −4.99 | 3.76 | 4.83 | −75.35% | −96.89% |
September | 5.84 | −3.40 | −2.16 | −58.25% | −37.05% |
October | 10.83 | −7.08 | −7.00 | −65.33% | −64.62% |
November | 4.99 | −3.83 | −4.83 | −76.69% | −96.89% |
December | −5.84 | 3.32 | 2.16 | −56.85% | −37.05% |
Month | Observed Acceleration of Quasi-4-Month Oscillation Zonal Wind | Estimated Acceleration from GW Momentum Fluxes | Estimated Acceleration due to Coriolis Force | Percentage of Contribution of GWs | Percentage of Contribution of Coriolis Force |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
January | −4.12 | −4.56 | 2.13 | 110.76% | −51.84% |
February | −4.56 | −3.27 | 2.18 | 71.73% | −47.69% |
March | 4.12 | 4.27 | −2.13 | 103.74% | −51.84% |
April | 4.56 | 3.19 | −2.18 | 69.97% | −47.69% |
May | −4.12 | −4.59 | 2.13 | 111.57% | −51.84% |
June | −4.56 | −3.36 | 2.18 | 73.58% | −47.69% |
July | 4.12 | 4.86 | −2.13 | 118.06% | −51.84% |
August | 4.56 | 3.26 | −2.18 | 71.39% | −47.69% |
September | −4.12 | −4.34 | 2.13 | 105.44% | −51.84% |
October | −4.56 | −3.15 | 2.18 | 69.06% | −47.69% |
November | 4.12 | 4.38 | −2.13 | 106.38% | −51.84% |
December | 4.56 | 3.33 | −2.18 | 73.03% | −47.69% |
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Tian, C.; Hu, X.; Liu, Y.; Cheng, X.; Yan, Z.; Cai, B. Seasonal Variations of High-Frequency Gravity Wave Momentum Fluxes and Their Forcing toward Zonal Winds in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere over Langfang, China (39.4° N, 116.7° E). Atmosphere 2020, 11, 1253. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111253
Tian C, Hu X, Liu Y, Cheng X, Yan Z, Cai B. Seasonal Variations of High-Frequency Gravity Wave Momentum Fluxes and Their Forcing toward Zonal Winds in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere over Langfang, China (39.4° N, 116.7° E). Atmosphere. 2020; 11(11):1253. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111253
Chicago/Turabian StyleTian, Caixia, Xiong Hu, Yurong Liu, Xuan Cheng, Zhaoai Yan, and Bing Cai. 2020. "Seasonal Variations of High-Frequency Gravity Wave Momentum Fluxes and Their Forcing toward Zonal Winds in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere over Langfang, China (39.4° N, 116.7° E)" Atmosphere 11, no. 11: 1253. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111253