Fine-Tuning of GLI Activity through Arginine Methylation: Its Mechanisms and Function
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Regulation of GLI Transcriptional Activity
2.1. Regulation of GLI Proteins by HH-Dependent and -Independent Signaling Pathways
2.2. Modulation of GLI Activity
3. PRMTs
3.1. Overview of the PRMT Family of Proteins
3.2. Regulation of PRMT Activity by Post-Translational Modifications
3.3. Roles of PRMTs in Signaling Pathways
3.3.1. Roles of PRMT1 in the TGF-β and Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) Signaling Pathways
3.3.2. Roles of PRMT5 in the EGFR Signaling Pathway
3.4. Roles of PRMTs in Genes Transcription via Histone Arginine Methylation
4. PRMT-Mediated Regulation of GLI Activity
4.1. Upregulation of GLI1 Transcriptional Activity by PRMT1-Mediated GLI1 Methylation
4.2. GLI1 Protein Stabilization by Cytosolic PRMT5-Mediated GLI1 Methylation
4.3. Indirect Suppression of GLI1 Activity by PRMT5–Menin Complex-Mediated Epigenetic Modification in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) Tumor Syndrome
4.4. PRMT7 Upregulates GLI2 Activity via Suppression of SUFU binding
5. Consideration of the Roles of PRMT-Mediated GLI Regulation in the Development and Cancers, with a Focus on Stem Cell Maintenance
6. Outlook for PRMT-Mediated GLI1 Regulatory Mechanisms
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Abe, Y.; Tanaka, N. Fine-Tuning of GLI Activity through Arginine Methylation: Its Mechanisms and Function. Cells 2020, 9, 1973. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9091973
Abe Y, Tanaka N. Fine-Tuning of GLI Activity through Arginine Methylation: Its Mechanisms and Function. Cells. 2020; 9(9):1973. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9091973
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbe, Yoshinori, and Nobuyuki Tanaka. 2020. "Fine-Tuning of GLI Activity through Arginine Methylation: Its Mechanisms and Function" Cells 9, no. 9: 1973. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9091973