Siglecs in Brain Function and Neurological Disorders
Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah (AURAK), Ras Al Khaimah 10021, UAE
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Cells 2019, 8(10), 1125; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8101125
Received: 14 August 2019 / Revised: 19 September 2019 / Accepted: 20 September 2019 / Published: 22 September 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study around Neuroinflammation)
Siglecs (Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins) are a I-type lectin that typically binds sialic acid. Siglecs are predominantly expressed in immune cells and generate activating or inhibitory signals. They are also shown to be expressed on the surface of cells in the nervous system and have been shown to play central roles in neuroinflammation. There has been a plethora of reviews outlining the studies pertaining to Siglecs in immune cells. However, this review aims to compile the articles on the role of Siglecs in brain function and neurological disorders. In humans, the most abundant Siglecs are CD33 (Siglec-3), Siglec-4 (myelin-associated glycoprotein/MAG), and Siglec-11, Whereas in mice the most abundant are Siglec-1 (sialoadhesin), Siglec-2 (CD22), Siglec-E, Siglec-F, and Siglec-H. This review is divided into three parts. Firstly, we discuss the general biological aspects of Siglecs that are expressed in nervous tissue. Secondly, we discuss about the role of Siglecs in brain function and molecular mechanism for their function. Finally, we collate the available information on Siglecs and neurological disorders. It is intriguing to study this family of proteins in neurological disorders because they carry immunoinhibitory and immunoactivating motifs that can be vital in neuroinflammation.
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Keywords:
Siglecs; sialic acid; ganglioside; brain; neurological disorder; myelin; multiple sclerosis; Alzheimer’s disease; microglia; ITIM; ITAM
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MDPI and ACS Style
Siddiqui, S.S.; Matar, R.; Merheb, M.; Hodeify, R.; Vazhappilly, C.G.; Marton, J.; Shamsuddin, S.A.; Al Zouabi, H. Siglecs in Brain Function and Neurological Disorders. Cells 2019, 8, 1125. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8101125
AMA Style
Siddiqui SS, Matar R, Merheb M, Hodeify R, Vazhappilly CG, Marton J, Shamsuddin SA, Al Zouabi H. Siglecs in Brain Function and Neurological Disorders. Cells. 2019; 8(10):1125. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8101125
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiddiqui, Shoib S.; Matar, Rachel; Merheb, Maxime; Hodeify, Rawad; Vazhappilly, Cijo G.; Marton, John; Shamsuddin, Syed A.; Al Zouabi, Hussain. 2019. "Siglecs in Brain Function and Neurological Disorders" Cells 8, no. 10: 1125. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8101125
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