Skin under Strain: From Epithelial Model Tissues to Adult Epithelia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Tissue Stretcher Design
2.2. Tissue Stretcher Calibration
2.3. Tissue Stretcher Noise Characterization
2.4. Generation of a Simplified Epidermis Equivalent (SEEs) as Multilayered Model System
2.5. Preparation of Ex Vivo Full-Thickness Back Skin Explants from Fetal and Adult Rats
2.6. Tissue Thickness Determination
2.7. Tissue Stretch Protocol and Data Analysis
2.8. Viability Assays of Fetal Rat Skin and SEEs
2.9. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Experimental Setup Development for Sensitive Tensile Measurements of Living Samples
3.2. Tested Tissues Differ in Complexity, Maturation and Composition
3.3. Static Stretch Shows Viscoelastic and Plastic Properties and Indicates Partial Recovery
3.4. Only Adult Skin Differs in Relaxation Behavior between Initial and Repetitive Cycles
3.5. ECM-Free Epidermis Equivalents Recover Like Previously Stretched Tissue
3.6. Fast Cyclic Strain Has a Tissue Dependent Impact on Force Relaxation
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Püllen, R.; Konrad, J.; Merkel, R.; Hoffmann, B. Skin under Strain: From Epithelial Model Tissues to Adult Epithelia. Cells 2021, 10, 1834. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10071834
Püllen R, Konrad J, Merkel R, Hoffmann B. Skin under Strain: From Epithelial Model Tissues to Adult Epithelia. Cells. 2021; 10(7):1834. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10071834
Chicago/Turabian StylePüllen, Robin, Jens Konrad, Rudolf Merkel, and Bernd Hoffmann. 2021. "Skin under Strain: From Epithelial Model Tissues to Adult Epithelia" Cells 10, no. 7: 1834. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10071834