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Article

Identification of Cellular Factors Required for SARS-CoV-2 Replication

by
Aleksandra Synowiec
1,
Malwina Jedrysik
1,
Wojciech Branicki
2,
Adrianna Klajmon
2,
Jing Lei
3,
Katarzyna Owczarek
1,
Chen Suo
3,4,
Artur Szczepanski
1,5,
Jingru Wang
3,
Pengyan Zhang
3,
Pawel P. Labaj
6,* and
Krzysztof Pyrc
1,*
1
ViroGenetics—BSL3 Laboratory of Virology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
2
Human Genome Variation Research Group, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
3
Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Department of Epidemiology & Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
4
Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Fudan University, Taizhou 225316, China
5
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
6
Bioinformatics Research Group, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cells 2021, 10(11), 3159; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10113159
Submission received: 7 October 2021 / Revised: 27 October 2021 / Accepted: 10 November 2021 / Published: 13 November 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Cellular Pathology)
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Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the recently emerged virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical presentation can range from asymptomatic disease and mild respiratory tract infection to severe disease with lung injury, multiorgan failure, and death. SARS-CoV-2 is the third animal coronavirus to emerge in humans in the 21st century, and coronaviruses appear to possess a unique ability to cross borders between species and infect a wide range of organisms. This is somewhat surprising as, except for the requirement of host cell receptors, cell–pathogen interactions are usually species-specific. Insights into these host–virus interactions will provide a deeper understanding of the process of SARS-CoV-2 infection and provide a means for the design and development of antiviral agents. In this study, we describe a complex analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection using a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knock-out system in HeLa cells overexpressing entry receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). This platform allows for the identification of factors required for viral replication. This study was designed to include a high number of replicates (48 replicates; 16 biological repeats with 3 technical replicates each) to prevent data instability, remove sources of bias, and allow multifactorial bioinformatic analyses in order to study the resulting interaction network. The results obtained provide an interesting insight into the replication mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus; CRISPR-Cas9; cellular factors; mechanisms of infection; viral pathogenesis SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus; CRISPR-Cas9; cellular factors; mechanisms of infection; viral pathogenesis
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MDPI and ACS Style

Synowiec, A.; Jedrysik, M.; Branicki, W.; Klajmon, A.; Lei, J.; Owczarek, K.; Suo, C.; Szczepanski, A.; Wang, J.; Zhang, P.; et al. Identification of Cellular Factors Required for SARS-CoV-2 Replication. Cells 2021, 10, 3159. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10113159

AMA Style

Synowiec A, Jedrysik M, Branicki W, Klajmon A, Lei J, Owczarek K, Suo C, Szczepanski A, Wang J, Zhang P, et al. Identification of Cellular Factors Required for SARS-CoV-2 Replication. Cells. 2021; 10(11):3159. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10113159

Chicago/Turabian Style

Synowiec, Aleksandra, Malwina Jedrysik, Wojciech Branicki, Adrianna Klajmon, Jing Lei, Katarzyna Owczarek, Chen Suo, Artur Szczepanski, Jingru Wang, Pengyan Zhang, and et al. 2021. "Identification of Cellular Factors Required for SARS-CoV-2 Replication" Cells 10, no. 11: 3159. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10113159

APA Style

Synowiec, A., Jedrysik, M., Branicki, W., Klajmon, A., Lei, J., Owczarek, K., Suo, C., Szczepanski, A., Wang, J., Zhang, P., Labaj, P. P., & Pyrc, K. (2021). Identification of Cellular Factors Required for SARS-CoV-2 Replication. Cells, 10(11), 3159. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10113159

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