7-Epitaxol Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Inhibition of the ERK Pathway
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemical
2.2. Cell Culture
2.3. Cell Cytotoxicity
2.4. Colony Formation Assay
2.5. Cell Cycle Analysis
2.6. Western Blot Analysis
2.7. Annexin V/PI Double Staining Assay
2.8. DAPI Staining
2.9. Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Measurement
2.10. Detection of Autophagy
2.11. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Cytotoxic Effects of 7-Epitaxol on HNCSS Cell Lines
3.2. Effect of 7-Epitaxol on Cell Cycle Progression and Apoptosis of HNCSS Cells
3.3. Effect of 7-Epitaxol on Apoptotic Signaling Pathways
3.4. Effect of 7-Epitaxol on Autophagy Signaling Pathway
3.5. Effect of 7-Epitaxol on AKT and MAPK Pathways
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kumar, V.B.; Hsieh, M.-J.; Mahalakshmi, B.; Chuang, Y.-C.; Lin, C.-C.; Lo, Y.-S.; Ho, H.-Y.; Lin, J.-T. 7-Epitaxol Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Inhibition of the ERK Pathway. Cells 2021, 10, 2633. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10102633
Kumar VB, Hsieh M-J, Mahalakshmi B, Chuang Y-C, Lin C-C, Lo Y-S, Ho H-Y, Lin J-T. 7-Epitaxol Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Inhibition of the ERK Pathway. Cells. 2021; 10(10):2633. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10102633
Chicago/Turabian StyleKumar, V. Bharath, Ming-Ju Hsieh, B. Mahalakshmi, Yi-Ching Chuang, Chia-Chieh Lin, Yu-Sheng Lo, Hsin-Yu Ho, and Jen-Tsun Lin. 2021. "7-Epitaxol Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Inhibition of the ERK Pathway" Cells 10, no. 10: 2633. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10102633