Accelerated Decoloration of Organic Dyes from Wastewater Using Ternary Metal/g-C3N4/ZnO Nanocomposites: An Investigation of Impact of g-C3N4 Concentration and Ni and Mn Doping
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Synthesis of g-C3N4
2.3. Synthesis of Composite Nanostructures
2.4. Characterization
The Structure of the Produced Materials Was Studied by XRD (Bruker AXS, D8-S4, USA) at 40 kV and 30 mA at Room Temperature with Cu K Radiation (k = 1.54056)
2.5. Photocatalytic Activity
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. FTIR Analysis
3.2. XRD Analysis
3.3. Compositional and Morphological Study
3.4. Optical Properties
3.5. Photocatalytic Study
3.6. Photoluminescence Spectra
3.7. Recyclability and Constancy of the Mn/50GZ Composite
3.8. Mechanism
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sr. No | Photocatalyst | Contaminant | Light Source | Dye (mg/L) | Catalyst (mg/L) | Radiation Time (min.) | Decoloration% | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Mn-ZnO/CSAC | BG | Sunlight | 30 | 200 | 175 | 96 | [62] |
2 | ZnO/Fe2O4/Pt | Ciprofloxacin | Xe lamp | 10 | 150 | 75 | 100 | [63] |
3 | Mn-ZnO/RGO | RhB | Visible | 20 | 20 | 140 | 99 | [58] |
4 | ZnO/ZnFe2O4 | MB | Visible | 10 | 50 | 100 | 98 | [64] |
5 | Pt-BiFeO3 | MG | Visible | 10 | 100 | 240 | 96 | [65] |
6 | ZnO/Fe3O4/g-C3N4 | MO | Visible | 30 | 10 | 150 | 97.87 | [66] |
7 | Mn-ZnO/CNT | MG | Visible | 50 | 100 | 150 | >95 | [57] |
8 | ZnFe2O4@ZnO | MO | Visible | 56 | 660 | 240 | 99 | [67] |
9 | Mn/50% g-C3N4/ZnO | EBT | Sunlight | 10 | 200 | 50 | 100 | Present work |
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Qamar, M.A.; Shahid, S.; Javed, M.; Shariq, M.; Fadhali, M.M.; Madkhali, O.; Ali, S.K.; Syed, I.S.; Awaji, M.Y.; Shakir Khan, M.; et al. Accelerated Decoloration of Organic Dyes from Wastewater Using Ternary Metal/g-C3N4/ZnO Nanocomposites: An Investigation of Impact of g-C3N4 Concentration and Ni and Mn Doping. Catalysts 2022, 12, 1388. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12111388
Qamar MA, Shahid S, Javed M, Shariq M, Fadhali MM, Madkhali O, Ali SK, Syed IS, Awaji MY, Shakir Khan M, et al. Accelerated Decoloration of Organic Dyes from Wastewater Using Ternary Metal/g-C3N4/ZnO Nanocomposites: An Investigation of Impact of g-C3N4 Concentration and Ni and Mn Doping. Catalysts. 2022; 12(11):1388. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12111388
Chicago/Turabian StyleQamar, Muhammad Azam, Sammia Shahid, Mohsin Javed, Mohammad Shariq, Mohammed M. Fadhali, Osama Madkhali, Syed Kashif Ali, Imam Saheb Syed, Majed Yusef Awaji, Mohd. Shakir Khan, and et al. 2022. "Accelerated Decoloration of Organic Dyes from Wastewater Using Ternary Metal/g-C3N4/ZnO Nanocomposites: An Investigation of Impact of g-C3N4 Concentration and Ni and Mn Doping" Catalysts 12, no. 11: 1388. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12111388