Emerging Advances in Endometrial Cancer: Integration of Molecular Classification into Staging for Enhanced Prognostic Accuracy and Implications for Racial Disparities
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Current Histopathologic Classification of Endometrial Cancer
3. Molecular Subtypes of Endometrial Cancer
3.1. POLE Ultra-Mutated
3.2. Microsatellite Instability Hypermutated (MSI-H) or Mismatch Repair Deficient (MMRd)
3.3. Copy-Number Low
3.4. Copy-Number High
4. Re-Classification of TCGA Subtypes for Clinical Use
4.1. p53 Abnormal (p53abn)
4.2. No Specific Molecular Profile (NSMP)
4.3. Evidence for the Prognostic Significance of the Molecular Subtypes
5. 2023 FIGO Staging Update
5.1. Lymphovascular Space Invasion
5.2. Lymph Node Metastasis
6. 2023 Update to Histology
7. Molecular Subtype
8. Verification of the New Staging System
9. Racial Disparities in Endometrial Cancer
10. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Prognosis | Molecular Subtype |
---|---|
Good | POLE mutation (POLEmut) |
Intermediate | Mismatch repair deficiency (MMRd)/microsatellite instability and no specific molecular profile (NSMP) |
Poor | p53 abnormal (p53abn) |
TCGA Prognostic Molecular Subtype | ProMisE Re-Classification of TCGA Subtype | Diagnostic Test |
---|---|---|
POLE Ultra-Mutated | POLE | Genetic sequencing to identify mutations in the POLE exonuclease domain |
Microsatellite Instability Hypermutated (MSI-H) or Mismatch Repair Deficient (MMRd) | MMRd | MMR IHC for MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 to detect MMR deficiency |
Copy-Number Low | No specific molecular profile (NSMP) | NA |
Copy-Number High | p53 abnormal (p53abn) | IHC for p53 (distinguishing between wild-type, p53wt, and mutant-type expression, p53abn) |
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Ogunmuyiwa, J.; Williams, V. Emerging Advances in Endometrial Cancer: Integration of Molecular Classification into Staging for Enhanced Prognostic Accuracy and Implications for Racial Disparities. Cancers 2024, 16, 1172. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16061172
Ogunmuyiwa J, Williams V. Emerging Advances in Endometrial Cancer: Integration of Molecular Classification into Staging for Enhanced Prognostic Accuracy and Implications for Racial Disparities. Cancers. 2024; 16(6):1172. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16061172
Chicago/Turabian StyleOgunmuyiwa, Joy, and Vonetta Williams. 2024. "Emerging Advances in Endometrial Cancer: Integration of Molecular Classification into Staging for Enhanced Prognostic Accuracy and Implications for Racial Disparities" Cancers 16, no. 6: 1172. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16061172
APA StyleOgunmuyiwa, J., & Williams, V. (2024). Emerging Advances in Endometrial Cancer: Integration of Molecular Classification into Staging for Enhanced Prognostic Accuracy and Implications for Racial Disparities. Cancers, 16(6), 1172. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16061172