Leveraging Tumor Microenvironment Infiltration in Pancreatic Cancer to Identify Gene Signatures Related to Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Data Collection
2.2. Estimation of Cell Components in TME
2.3. Consensus Clustering for Infiltrating Cells of TME
2.4. Identification of TME Signature Genes
2.5. Development of TMEscore
2.6. Functional Annotation and Enrichment Analysis
2.7. Mutation Analysis
2.8. Cell Lines and Cell Culture
2.9. Cell Transfection and Lentiviral Infection
2.10. RNA Extraction and qRT-PCR Analysis
2.11. Colony Formation Assay
2.12. EdU Assay
2.13. Wound Healing Assay
2.14. Transwell Assay
2.15. Animal Experiment
2.16. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
2.17. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Identification of Tumor Microenvironment Subtypes in PDAC Cases
3.2. Identification of the TME Signature Genes and Functional Annotation
3.3. Establishment of TMEscore Model Based on TME Signature Gene Sets
3.4. Exploring the Biological Characteristics of Patients with Different TMEscore
3.5. Characterization of Immune-Phenotypes across Samples with Different TMEscore
3.6. The Predictive Value of TMEscore for Response to Immune Therapy
3.7. F2RL1 Was Significantly Associated with the Malignant Progression of PDAC
3.8. As an Effective Therapeutic Target, F2RL1 Promotes the Proliferation and Invasion of PDAC In Vitro and Vivo
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Yang, J.; Zeng, L.; Chen, R.; Huang, L.; Wu, Z.; Yu, M.; Zhou, Y.; Chen, R. Leveraging Tumor Microenvironment Infiltration in Pancreatic Cancer to Identify Gene Signatures Related to Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response. Cancers 2023, 15, 1442. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15051442
Yang J, Zeng L, Chen R, Huang L, Wu Z, Yu M, Zhou Y, Chen R. Leveraging Tumor Microenvironment Infiltration in Pancreatic Cancer to Identify Gene Signatures Related to Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response. Cancers. 2023; 15(5):1442. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15051442
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Jiabin, Liangtang Zeng, Ruiwan Chen, Leyi Huang, Zhuo Wu, Min Yu, Yu Zhou, and Rufu Chen. 2023. "Leveraging Tumor Microenvironment Infiltration in Pancreatic Cancer to Identify Gene Signatures Related to Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response" Cancers 15, no. 5: 1442. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15051442