2,2-Diphenethyl Isothiocyanate Enhances Topoisomerase Inhibitor-Induced Cell Death and Suppresses Multi-Drug Resistance 1 in Breast Cancer Cells
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cell Lines and Chemicals
2.2. Cell Proliferation Assays
2.3. siRNA Transfection in Cells
2.4. Annexin V Staining
2.5. Lysate Preparation and Western Blot Analysis
2.6. Immunoprecipitation
2.7. Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) Assay
2.8. Cell Cycle Analysis
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. DPEITC Inhibits Growth and Induces Apoptosis in TNBC Cells with Different p53 Mutants, Contact or Structural
3.2. DPEITC Depletes Mutant p53 Protein, but Not WT p53, in TNBC Cell Lines
3.3. DPEITC Rescues Mutant p53, Induces a G2/M Phase Delay, and Activates ATM in Mutant p53 TNBC Cell Lines
3.4. DPEITC Inhibits Growth, Induces Apoptosis, and Rescues p53 Structural Mutants in HER2+ and Luminal A Breast Cancer Cells
3.5. DPEITC Increases Cellular Sensitivity to Doxorubicin
3.6. Synergistic Effects of DPEITC and Camptothecin on Proliferation and Apoptosis Induction
3.7. Synergistic Effects of DPEITC and Camptothecin on Cell Cycle Progression, ATM Activation, and Transactivation Functions to p53 Mutants
3.8. DPEITC Treatment Suppresses the Expression of ETS1 and MDR1 Proteins
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Aggarwal, M. 2,2-Diphenethyl Isothiocyanate Enhances Topoisomerase Inhibitor-Induced Cell Death and Suppresses Multi-Drug Resistance 1 in Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers 2023, 15, 928. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030928
Aggarwal M. 2,2-Diphenethyl Isothiocyanate Enhances Topoisomerase Inhibitor-Induced Cell Death and Suppresses Multi-Drug Resistance 1 in Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers. 2023; 15(3):928. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030928
Chicago/Turabian StyleAggarwal, Monika. 2023. "2,2-Diphenethyl Isothiocyanate Enhances Topoisomerase Inhibitor-Induced Cell Death and Suppresses Multi-Drug Resistance 1 in Breast Cancer Cells" Cancers 15, no. 3: 928. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030928