Astragaloside IV Attenuates Programmed Death-Ligand 1-Mediated Immunosuppression during Liver Cancer Development via the miR-135b-5p/CNDP1 Axis
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Tissue Sample Collection
2.2. Cell Culture and Transfection
2.3. AS-IV and IFN-γ Treatment
2.4. CCK-8 Assay
2.5. PBMCs Mediated Tumour Cell Killing
2.6. Flow Cytometry
2.7. Animal Model
2.8. Immunohistochemistry Analysis
2.9. Western Blot Analysis
2.10. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR)
2.11. Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay
2.12. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. AS-IV Inhibits the IFN-γ-Triggered Increase in PD-L1 Expression and Mitigates Immune Suppression Mediated by PD-L1
3.2. AS-IV Inhibits HCC Growth and Alleviates PD-L1-Mediated Immune Suppression
3.3. Expression of miR-135b-5p in HCC Tissues
3.4. AS-IV Alleviates PD-L1-Mediated Immune Suppression via MiR-135b-5p
3.5. MiR-135b-5p Directly Interacts with CNDP1
3.6. AS-IV Alleviates PD-L1-Mediated Immune Suppression through the MiR-135b-5p/CNDP1 Axis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ma, Y.; Li, Y.; Wu, T.; Li, Y.; Wang, Q. Astragaloside IV Attenuates Programmed Death-Ligand 1-Mediated Immunosuppression during Liver Cancer Development via the miR-135b-5p/CNDP1 Axis. Cancers 2023, 15, 5048. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15205048
Ma Y, Li Y, Wu T, Li Y, Wang Q. Astragaloside IV Attenuates Programmed Death-Ligand 1-Mediated Immunosuppression during Liver Cancer Development via the miR-135b-5p/CNDP1 Axis. Cancers. 2023; 15(20):5048. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15205048
Chicago/Turabian StyleMa, Yang, Yan Li, Taotao Wu, Yingshuai Li, and Qi Wang. 2023. "Astragaloside IV Attenuates Programmed Death-Ligand 1-Mediated Immunosuppression during Liver Cancer Development via the miR-135b-5p/CNDP1 Axis" Cancers 15, no. 20: 5048. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15205048
APA StyleMa, Y., Li, Y., Wu, T., Li, Y., & Wang, Q. (2023). Astragaloside IV Attenuates Programmed Death-Ligand 1-Mediated Immunosuppression during Liver Cancer Development via the miR-135b-5p/CNDP1 Axis. Cancers, 15(20), 5048. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15205048