Early Outcome, Cosmetic Result and Tolerability of an IOERT-Boost Prior to Adjuvant Whole-Breast Irradiation
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patient Selection
2.2. Treatment
2.3. Follow Up
2.4. Cosmetic Outcome
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Baseline Characteristics
3.2. Treatment Data
3.2.1. Surgery
3.2.2. Radiotherapy
3.2.3. Chemotherapy
3.2.4. Endocrine and Targeted Therapy
3.2.5. Acute Toxicity
3.2.6. Late Toxicity
3.3. Cosmetic Outcome
3.4. Predictors of Unsatisfactory Cosmetic Outcome
3.5. Oncological Outcome
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Age (N = 139) | Mean: 54 | Range: 28–43 |
---|---|---|
Risk Factors (<45 years/>2 cm/N+/G3) Present (N = 139) | ||
0 | 40 | 28.8% |
1 | 49 | 35.2% |
2 | 31 | 22.3% |
3 | 19 | 13.7% |
Laterality (N = 139) | ||
right | 67 | 48.2% |
left | 68 | 48.9% |
bilateral | 4 | 2.9% |
TNM tumor stage (N = 143) | ||
ypT0/yTis | 8 | 5.6% |
pT1a/ypT1a | 4 | 2.8% |
pT1b/ypT1b | 24 | 16.8% |
pT1c/ypT1c | 53 | 37.0% |
pT2/ypT2 | 52 | 36.4% |
pT3 | 2 | 1.4% |
TNM nodal stage (N = 143) | ||
N0 | 107 | 74.8% |
N1 | 28 | 19.6% |
N2 | 6 | 4.2% |
N3 | 2 | 1.4% |
Histopathologic type (N = 143) | ||
ductal invasive | 110 | 76.9% |
lobular invasive | 22 | 15.4% |
other | 11 | 7.7% |
Histologic grade (N = 143) | ||
G1 | 15 | 10.5% |
G2 | 81 | 56.6% |
G3 | 44 | 30.8% |
not available (ypT0) | 3 | 2.1% |
Receptor status (N = 143) | ||
HR+/HER2− | 104 | 72.7% |
HR+/HER2+ | 18 | 12.6% |
HR−/HER2+ | 0 | 0.0% |
triple negative | 21 | 14.7% |
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy | N = 19 | ||
EC + docetaxel | 10 | 52.6% | |
FEC + docetaxel | 4 | 21.1% | |
EC + paclitacel | 3 | 15.8% | |
CMF + docetaxel | 1 | 5.3% | |
TC | 1 | 5.3% | |
adjuvant chemotherapy | N = 60 | ||
FEC + docetaxel | 30 | 50.0% | |
FEC + paclitaxel | 2 | 3.3% | |
EC + paclitaxel | 13 | 21.7% | |
FEC | 10 | 16.7% | |
TAC | 3 | 5.0% | |
TC | 2 | 3.3% | |
+trastuzumab | 21 | 35.0% | |
no chemotherapy | N = 56 | ||
not known | N = 4 |
LENT SOMA Late Toxicty (n = 66) | Grade 0 n (%) | Grade I n (%) | Grade II n (%) | Grade III+ n (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pain | 54 (81.8%) | 11 (16.5%) | 1 (1.5%) | 0 |
Breast- edema | 59 (89.4%) | 6 (9.1%) | 1 (1.5%) | 0 |
Arm- edema | 63 (95.4%) | 3 (4.5%) | 0 | 0 |
Atrophy/Retraction | 61 (92.4%) | 4 (6.1%) | 0 | 1 (1.5%) Grade III |
Ulcus/Necrosis | 66 (100%) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fibrosis | 52 (78.8%) | 11 (16.7%) | 3 (4.5%) | 0 |
Teleangiectasia | 63 (95.4%) | 3 (4.5%) | 0 | 0 |
Pigmentation | 51 (77.3%) | 15 (22.7%) | 0 | 0 |
Cosmetic Evaluation | Very Good n (%) | Very Good–Good n (%) | Good n (%) | Good–Moderate n (%) | Moderate n (%) | Moderate–Bad n (%) | Bad n (%) | Bad–Very Bad n (%) | Very Bad n (%) |
Patient | 31 (47%) | 0 | 25 (38%) | 1 (2%) | 6 (9%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 0 |
Physician | 35 (55%) | 0 | 23 (36%) | 2 (3%) | 3 (5%) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2%) | 0 |
Cosmetic Evaluation Harvard Score | Excellent n (%) | Good n (%) | Fair n (%) | Poor n (%) | |||||
Patient | 31 (46.9%) | 25 (37.9%) | 8 (12.1%) | 2 (3.0%) | |||||
Physician | 35 (53.0%) | 23 (34.8%) | 5 (7.6%) | 1 (1.5%) |
Oncological Endpoint (n = 133) | n (%) |
---|---|
Local Recurrence | 4 (3.0%) |
Infield | 0 (0%) |
ipsilateral Breast | |
Elsewhere ipsilateral Breast | 4 (3.0%) |
CBC | 2 (1.5%) |
Distant Metastasis | 3 (2.3%) |
Death | 7 (5.3%) |
Breast Cancer Death | 4 (3.0%) |
Non Breast Cancer Death | 3 (2.3%) |
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Jazmati, D.; Bölke, E.; Halfmann, K.; Tamaskovics, B.; Ruckhäberle, E.; Fehm, T.; Hoffmann, J.; Krug, D.; Nestle Krämling, C.; Corradini, S.; et al. Early Outcome, Cosmetic Result and Tolerability of an IOERT-Boost Prior to Adjuvant Whole-Breast Irradiation. Cancers 2022, 14, 3636. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153636
Jazmati D, Bölke E, Halfmann K, Tamaskovics B, Ruckhäberle E, Fehm T, Hoffmann J, Krug D, Nestle Krämling C, Corradini S, et al. Early Outcome, Cosmetic Result and Tolerability of an IOERT-Boost Prior to Adjuvant Whole-Breast Irradiation. Cancers. 2022; 14(15):3636. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153636
Chicago/Turabian StyleJazmati, Danny, Edwin Bölke, Kati Halfmann, Bálint Tamaskovics, Eugen Ruckhäberle, Tanja Fehm, Jürgen Hoffmann, David Krug, Carolin Nestle Krämling, Stefanie Corradini, and et al. 2022. "Early Outcome, Cosmetic Result and Tolerability of an IOERT-Boost Prior to Adjuvant Whole-Breast Irradiation" Cancers 14, no. 15: 3636. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153636