Radiotherapy in the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods and Data Management
2.1. Protocol
2.2. Study Design
2.3. Eligibility Criteria
2.3.1. Inclusion Criteria
2.3.2. Exclusion Criteria
2.4. Information Sources and Search Strategy
2.5. Study Selection
2.6. Methodological Quality Assessment of Included Studies
2.7. Data Collection Process and Data Items
2.8. Outcomes of Interest
3. Results
3.1. Study Selection
3.2. Patient Response to Radiation and Follow-Up
3.3. Symptom Palliation
3.4. Adverse Events
4. Discussion
5. Limitations
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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References | Age/Gender | Location | Previous TKIs | Means/Total Dose*Fractions # | Concomitant TKIs | Palliation | Response | Side Effects | Follow-Up (Recurrence or Progression/TTR or TTP (mo)/A or D/OS (mo) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shioyama et al., 2001 [50] | 75/female | retroperitoneum | None | R + C + I/51Gy*34 | None | Yes | PR | NA | No/72/A/72 |
Pollock et al., 2001 [25] | 77/female | rectum | None | S + R/50.4Gy*NA | None | Yes | - | desquamation of perineum/grade 2 | No/18/A/18 |
Akiyama et al., 2004 [37] | 60/male | around the left optic nerve | None | R/54Gy*18 | None | Yes | NA | NA | NA/NA/D/4.5 |
Puri et al., 2006 [44] | 42/male | right parietal lobe | None | S + R + C/60Gy*NA | None | Yes | - | NA | No/20/D/20 |
Boruban et al., 2007 [23] | 55/male | pelvic | None | S(I) + R + T/54Gy*27 | imatinib | Yes | CR | NA | No/37/A/37 |
Barrière et al., 2009 [41] | 57/male | clivus/lumbar spine | imatinib/sunitinib (R) | R + T/NA | sunitinib/nilotinib | No | NA | NA | NA/NA/D/5 |
Ciresa et al., 2009 [52] | 54/male | rectum | None | R + T/37.8Gy*21 | imatinib | Yes | PR | neutropenia/grade 3/proctitis/grade 2 | NA/NA/NA/NA |
Hamada et al., 2010 [27] | 54/female | left frontal lobe | imatinib(W) | S + R/NA | None | NA | - | NA | No/6/A/6 |
Tezcan et al., 2011 [30] | 83/male | right femur head | None | R + T/30Gy*10 | imatinib | Yes | NA | NA | NA/NA/A/NA |
Knowlton et al., 2011 [16] | 37/male | stomach | None | S + R/36Gy*24 | None | Yes | - | No | No/240/D/240 |
Naoe et al., 2011 [19] | 77/female | right cerebral peduncle/left occipital lobe | None | R + T/NA/S + R + T/NA | Imatinib (I) | NA | NA/- | NA | No/2/D/2 |
Lolli et al., 2011 [10] | 48/female | left supraclavicular | imatinib/sunitinib/nilotinib/sorafenib (R) | R + T/50Gy*25 | sorafenib | Yes | SD | well tolerated | No/NA/A/NA |
Di Scioscio et al., 2011 [29] | 62/male | spine | None | R + T/30Gy*NA | imatinib | Yes | NA | NA | Yes/24/D/34 |
Abuzakhm et al., 2011 [34] | 57/female | left humerus | imatinib/sunitinib (R) | R + T/NA | sunitinib | NA | NA | NA | NA/NA/D/2 |
Wong et al., 2011 [38] | 26/male | left frontal temporal | imatinib/sunitinib (R) | S + R/NA | None | NA | - | NA | No/4/A/4 |
Slimack et al., 2012 [36] | 37/male | spine | imatinib (R) | S + R + C/NA | None | Yes | - | NA | No/24/A//24 |
Halpern et al., 2012 [28] | 62/male | right upper quadrant/retroperitoneum | imatinib (I) | R/63.4Gy*NA | None | Yes | PR | well tolerated | No/3/A/3 |
Feki et al., 2012 [35] | 58/male | sternoclavicular joint | None | R + T/30Gy*NA | imatinib | Yes | PR | NA | No/10/A/19 |
Drazin et al., 2013 [39] | 60/male | left frontal lobe/left cerebellum | None | R/18Gy*1/S + R/NA | None | Yes | NA/- | NA | No/15/A/15 |
Takeuchi et al., 2014 [26] | 74/male | right lateral ventricle | imatinib/sunitinib (R) | R + T/NA | sunitinib | - | CR | NA | No/4/A/4 |
Sato et al., 2014 [40] | 80/male | vermis | None | S + R/22Gy*11 | None | Yes | - | NA | Yes/1/D/3 |
Aktan et al., 2015 [31] | 56/male | right femur/L1–3 vertebrae | Imatinib (R) | R + T/30Gy*10 | imatinib | Yes | NA | NA | NA/NA/D/2 |
70/male | L2 vertebra | Imatinib (R) | R + T/30Gy*NA | imatinib | Yes | NA | NA | NA/NA/D/1.5 | |
Gupta et al., 2016 [24] | 64/female | right frontal skull | Imatinib (R) | S + R + T/35Gy*14 | imatinib/sunitinib | Yes | - | NA | Yes/21/A/24 |
Gatto et al., 2017 [22] | 62/male | paracaval lesion | imatinib/sunitinib (R) | R + T/35Gy*14 | regorafenib | Yes | PR | No | No/36/A/36 |
44/male | pararenal/supraclavicular | imatinib/sunitinib (R) | R/85Gy*9/R + T/32Gy*5 | sunitinib | Yes | SD | nausea/NA | No/5/A/5 | |
Loaiza-Bonilla et al., 2017 [46] | 35/male | liver/right retropharyngeal | imatinib (R) | R + T/NA | regorafenib | - | SD | NA | NA/NA/A/3 |
Badri et al., 2018 [42] | 66/male | right cerebellum | None | S + R/NA | NA | NA | - | NA | No/12/A/12 |
Jang et al., 2018 [43] | 70/male | liver | Imatinib (R) | E + R + T/40Gy*16 | Imatinib | Yes | NA | NA | No/6/A/6 |
Yang et al., 2018 [51] | 74/male | duodenal bulb | imatinib/sunitinib (R) | R/32.5Gy*13 | None | Yes | PR | NA | Yes/9/D/16 |
Katayanagi et al., 2019 [32] | 56/male | T8 vertebra/right ilium | imatinib/sunitinib (R) | R + T/37.5Gy*15 | sunitinib/imatinib | NA | NA | NA | NA/NA/D/19 |
Yilmaz et al., 2020 [17] | 31/male | right iliac bone | imatinib (R) | R + T/24Gy*3 | sunitinib | Yes | CR | No | No/16/A/16 |
Carvalho et al., 2020 [18] | 76/female | left frontal lobe/right cerebellar | imatinib (R) | S + R + T/NA/R + T/NA | imatinib | No | -/NA | NA | NA/NA/D/6 |
Andruska et al., 2020 [21] | 29/female | caudate lobe of liver | imatinib/sunitinib/sorafenib/regorafenib (R) | R + T/30Gy*10 | regorafenib/sunitinib | - | NA | NA | NA/NA/D/NA |
Lo et al., 2020 [33] | 63/male | T9 vertebra | imatinib/sunitinib/regorafenib/dasatinib (R) | S + R/30Gy*10 | None | NA | - | NA | NA/NA/D/2 |
Maria et al., 2022 [20] | 77/male | left maxillary | imatinib/2 additional lines (R) | R/35Gy*10 | None | Yes | PR | mucositis/grade2/dermatitis/grade1 | NA/NA/D/8 |
Al-Jarani et al., 2022 [54] | 52/female | liver/xiphoid | NA | NA | NA | - | NA | change in skin, dermatitis, sclerosis, fistula/NA | NA/NA/A/48 |
References | Sex, Total No. (Male/Female) | Age, Median (Range),y | Sites | Previous TKIs, Patients No. | Means/ Dose Range | Concomitant TKIs, Patients No. | Symptom Palliation, Patients No. | Response | Follow-Up, Range (mo)/Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baik et al., 2007 [45] | 4 (1/3) | 53 (41–68) | Rectum | None | R/45–54 Gy | None | NA | - | 21–75/No recurrence and all alive |
Cuaron et al., 2013 [11] | 15 (8/7) | 68 (41–86) | Bone/Abdomen/Pelvis, | 11 | R/15–50 Gy | 5 | 12 | PR in 5 patients, SD in 9 | 1.4–28.3/12 deaths |
Joensuu et al., 2015 [47] | 25 (17/8) | 61.4 (19.7–86.5) | Abdomen | 25 | R/30–40 Gy | 19 | NA | PR in 2 patients, SD in 20 | 2–74/20 patients progressed and 18 deaths |
Rathmann et al., 2015 [49] | 9 (7/2) | 55 (34–74) | Liver | 9 | RE/0.55–1.88 Gbq | 9 | NA | CR in 3 patients, PR in 5, SD in 1 | 10–72/8 progressed and 4 deaths |
Omari et al., 2019 [48] | 10 (9/1) | 58.5 (37–68) | Liver/Peritoneum | 10 | iBT/6.7–22.0 Gy | 7 | NA | LTC 97.5% | 2.3–92.9/one relapse and 6 deaths |
Patterson et al., 2022 [53] | 12 (7/5) | 69 (36–79) | NA | NA | R/20-50 Gy | 12 | 9 | SD in 1 patient, PD in 1 | NA |
Response | R | R + nT | R + rT | R + sT |
---|---|---|---|---|
CR | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
PR | 6 | 1 | 4 | 2 |
SD | 6 | 3 | 5 | 0 |
PD | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NA | 5 | 1 | 12 | 3 |
N | 19 | 6 | 22 | 6 |
Response | Brain | Neck | Chest | Abdomen | Pelvis | Bone and Joint | N |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CR | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |||
PR | 1 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 13 | ||
SD | 3 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 14 | |
PD | 2 | 2 | |||||
NA | 4 | 3 | 14 | 21 | |||
N | 5 | 3 | 2 | 14 | 3 | 26 | 53 |
Continued TKIs | Resistant to 0 TKIs | Resistant to 1 TKI | Resistant to 2 TKIs | Resistant to ≥3TKIs |
---|---|---|---|---|
None | 4 | 1 | 1 | |
rTKI | - | 4 | 4 | |
nTKI | - | 2 | 2 | |
sTKI | 4 | - | - | - |
NA | ||||
N | 8 | 6 | 7 | 1 |
Continued TKIs | Resistant to 0 TKIs | Resistant to 1 TKI | Resistant to 2 TKIs | Resistant to ≥3 TKIs |
---|---|---|---|---|
None | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
rTKI | - | 2 | ||
nTKI | - | |||
sTKI | 1 | - | - | - |
NA | 1 | |||
N | 8 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
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Zhang, H.; Jiang, T.; Mu, M.; Zhao, Z.; Yin, X.; Cai, Z.; Zhang, B.; Yin, Y. Radiotherapy in the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Systematic Review. Cancers 2022, 14, 3169. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14133169
Zhang H, Jiang T, Mu M, Zhao Z, Yin X, Cai Z, Zhang B, Yin Y. Radiotherapy in the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Systematic Review. Cancers. 2022; 14(13):3169. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14133169
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Haidong, Tianxiang Jiang, Mingchun Mu, Zhou Zhao, Xiaonan Yin, Zhaolun Cai, Bo Zhang, and Yuan Yin. 2022. "Radiotherapy in the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Systematic Review" Cancers 14, no. 13: 3169. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14133169
APA StyleZhang, H., Jiang, T., Mu, M., Zhao, Z., Yin, X., Cai, Z., Zhang, B., & Yin, Y. (2022). Radiotherapy in the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Systematic Review. Cancers, 14(13), 3169. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14133169