NASA GeneLab Platform Utilized for Biological Response to Space Radiation in Animal Models
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RadBioX Services LLC, Okemos, MI 48864, USA
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Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A-1C1, Canada
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KBR, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
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School of Biological Sciences & Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
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Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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The Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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The Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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NASA Ames Research Center, Space Biosciences Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
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Department of Neurobiology and Pharmacology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cancers 2020, 12(2), 381; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12020381
Received: 19 January 2020 / Revised: 3 February 2020 / Accepted: 3 February 2020 / Published: 7 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Models for Radiotherapy Research)
Background: Ionizing radiation from galactic cosmic rays (GCR) is one of the major risk factors that will impact the health of astronauts on extended missions outside the protective effects of the Earth’s magnetic field. The NASA GeneLab project has detailed information on radiation exposure using animal models with curated dosimetry information for spaceflight experiments. Methods: We analyzed multiple GeneLab omics datasets associated with both ground-based and spaceflight radiation studies that included in vivo and in vitro approaches. A range of ions from protons to iron particles with doses from 0.1 to 1.0 Gy for ground studies, as well as samples flown in low Earth orbit (LEO) with total doses of 1.0 mGy to 30 mGy, were utilized. Results: From this analysis, we were able to identify distinct biological signatures associating specific ions with specific biological responses due to radiation exposure in space. For example, we discovered changes in mitochondrial function, ribosomal assembly, and immune pathways as a function of dose. Conclusions: We provided a summary of how the GeneLab’s rich database of omics experiments with animal models can be used to generate novel hypotheses to better understand human health risks from GCR exposures.
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Keywords:
GeneLab; NASA; space radiation; HZE; galactic cosmic rays; transcriptomics; dosimetry; radiation
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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McDonald, J.T.; Stainforth, R.; Miller, J.; Cahill, T.; Silveira, W.A.; Rathi, K.S.; Hardiman, G.; Taylor, D.; Costes, S.V.; Chauhan, V.; Meller, R.; Beheshti, A. NASA GeneLab Platform Utilized for Biological Response to Space Radiation in Animal Models. Cancers 2020, 12, 381.
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