Intestinal Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Surgery
1
Laboratory of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
2
Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
3
Laboratory of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41334 Larissa, Greece
4
Surgical Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Agioi Anargyroi General and Oncologic Hospital of Kifisia, 14564 Athens, Greece
5
Department of Surgery, Creta Interclinic Hospital of Heraklion, 71305 Heraklion, Greece
6
Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cancers 2020, 12(10), 3011; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12103011
Received: 8 September 2020
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Revised: 4 October 2020
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Accepted: 13 October 2020
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Published: 16 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer)
Simple Summary
The microbial communities of the intestine exist in a delicate balance with the human. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies, and the microbiota seems to be related to it. The intestinal microbiota of patients after colorectal surgery is changed due to surgical stress and other perioperative factors. The occurrence of complications after colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery may depend on these bacterial shifts, which could also be associated with prognosis and survival in postoperative CRC patients.
The intestinal microbiota consists of numerous microbial species that collectively interact with the host, playing a crucial role in health and disease. Colorectal cancer is well-known to be related to dysbiotic alterations in intestinal microbiota. It is evident that the microbiota is significantly affected by colorectal surgery in combination with the various perioperative interventions, mainly mechanical bowel preparation and antibiotic prophylaxis. The altered postoperative composition of intestinal microbiota could lead to an enhanced virulence, proliferation of pathogens, and diminishment of beneficial microorganisms resulting in severe complications including anastomotic leakage and surgical site infections. Moreover, the intestinal microbiota could be utilized as a possible biomarker in predicting long-term outcomes after surgical CRC treatment. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of these interactions will further support the establishment of genomic mapping of intestinal microbiota in the management of patients undergoing CRC surgery.
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Keywords:
colorectal cancer; surgery; intestinal microbiota; dysbiosis; bowel preparation; antibiotics; anastomotic leakage; surgical site infection; outcomes
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Koliarakis, I.; Athanasakis, E.; Sgantzos, M.; Mariolis-Sapsakos, T.; Xynos, E.; Chrysos, E.; Souglakos, J.; Tsiaoussis, J. Intestinal Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Surgery. Cancers 2020, 12, 3011. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12103011
AMA Style
Koliarakis I, Athanasakis E, Sgantzos M, Mariolis-Sapsakos T, Xynos E, Chrysos E, Souglakos J, Tsiaoussis J. Intestinal Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Surgery. Cancers. 2020; 12(10):3011. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12103011
Chicago/Turabian StyleKoliarakis, Ioannis, Elias Athanasakis, Markos Sgantzos, Theodoros Mariolis-Sapsakos, Evangelos Xynos, Emmanuel Chrysos, John Souglakos, and John Tsiaoussis. 2020. "Intestinal Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Surgery" Cancers 12, no. 10: 3011. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12103011
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