Tumor Location Influences Oncologic Outcomes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Radiofrequency Ablation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Baseline Characteristics
2.2. Operation Success and Complications
2.3. Recurrence and Survival Outcomes
2.4. Univariate and Multivariate Analysis
2.5. Further Analysis for pHV and Non-pHV HCCs
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Study Population and Design
4.2. Definition of Perivascular HCC and Subcapsular HCC
4.3. RFA Procedure
4.4. Following Up
4.5. Outcomes
4.6. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Non-pHV | pHV | p | Non-pPV | pPV | p | Non-Subcapsular | Subcapsular | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case Number | 149 | 45 | 156 | 38 | 129 | 65 | |||
Age (years) | 55.05 ± 12.54 | 57.42 ± 12.61 | 0.269 | 56.04 ± 12.44 | 53.82 ± 13.06 | 0.329 | 54.40 ± 12.33 | 57.98 ± 1.47 | 0.061 |
Gender (Male/female) | 123/26 | 39/6 | 0.514 | 135/21 | 27/11 | 0.021 * | 108/21 | 54/11 | 0.909 |
HBV Infection (Y/N) | 123/26 | 40/5 | 0.309 | 130/26 | 33/5 | 0.597 | 109/20 | 54/11 | 0.799 |
HCV Infection (Y/N) | 8/141 | 1/44 | 0.688 | 8/148 | 1/37 | 1.000 | 6/123 | 3/62 | 1.000 |
Child-Pugh (A/B) | 147/2 | 42/3 | 0.083 | 152/4 | 37/1 | 1.000 | 124/5 | 65/0 | 0.171 |
AFP (<400/≥400, ng/mL) | 125/24 | 39/6 | 0.652 | 136/20 | 28/10 | 0.047 * | 111/18 | 53/12 | 0.412 |
Recurrent HCC (Y/N) | 33/116 | 7/38 | 0.338 | 36/120 | 4/34 | 0.086 | 22/107 | 18/47 | 0.084 |
Tumor Size (<3/3–5 cm) | 120/29 | 36/9 | 0.937 | 127/29 | 29/9 | 0.478 | 108/21 | 48/17 | 0.102 |
Cirrhosis (Y/N) | 93/56 | 24/21 | 0.275 | 93/63 | 24/14 | 0.689 | 77/52 | 40/25 | 0.804 |
Splenomegaly (Y/N) | 54/95 | 18/27 | 0.647 | 58/98 | 14/24 | 0.969 | 48/81 | 24/41 | 0.969 |
Postoperative Hospital Day | 3.42 ± 2.71 | 3.11 ± 1.32 | 0.468 | 3.40 ± 2.68 | 3.13 ± 1.234 | 0.552 | 3.37 ± 2.84 | 3.29 ± 1.47 | 0.832 |
RFA Cycle † | 1.43 ± 0.60 | 1.53 ± 0.66 | 0.352 | 1.41 ± 0.58 | 1.65 ± 0.71 | 0.025 * | 1.43 ± 0.60 | 1.52 ± 0.64 | 0.300 |
Operation Failure †† | 8/142 | 3/42 | 0.718 | 6/151 | 5/33 | 0.041 * | 8/122 | 3/62 | 0.755 |
Factor | OS | RFS | rRFS | dRFS | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | |
Older age (≥55 vs. <55, years) | 1.94 (1.07–3.52) | 0.030 * | 0.87 (0.61–1.26) | 0.468 | 0.79 (0.48–1.32) | 0.372 | 1.02 (0.68–1.51) | 0.938 |
Cirrhosis | 2.26 (1.18–4.34) | 0.014 * | 1.14 (0.79–1.65) | 0.488 | 1.13 (0.67–1.90) | 0.654 | 1.13 (0.75–1.69) | 0.567 |
Splenomegaly | 2.15 (1.23–3.78) | 0.008 * | 0.97 (0.66–1.42) | 0.886 | 0.93 (0.54–1.59) | 0.780 | 1.06 (0.70–1.60) | 0.798 |
Peri-hepatic-vein location | 1.55 (0.83–2.89) | 0.174 | 1.18 (0.77–1.80) | 0.455 | 1.98 (1.15–3.40) | 0.013 * | 0.95 (0.59–1.55) | 0.849 |
ALT level (≥35 vs. <35, U/L) | 1.08 (0.60–1.93) | 0.795 | 1.38 (0.96–2.00) | 0.083 | 0.96 (0.56–1.64) | 0.868 | 1.67 (1.12–2.49) | 0.012 * |
AFP level (≥400 vs. <400, ng/mL) | 1.13 (0.53–2.40) | 0.761 | 1.58 (1.00–2.49) | 0.049 * | 1.00 (0.49–2.03) | 0.999 | 1.53 (0.92–2.52) | 0.098 |
Child–Pugh score | 3.47 (2.27–5.31) | <0.001 * | 1.04 (0.66–1.64) | 0.881 | 1.39 (0.83–2.33) | 0.212 | 1.15 (0.71–1.86) | 0.569 |
Size level (3–5 vs. <3, cm) | 1.38 (0.73–2.60) | 0.32 | 1.00 (0.63–1.57) | 0.992 | 1.36 (0.74–2.47) | 0.32 | 0.89 (0.53–1.49) | 0.662 |
Recurrent tumor | 0.77 (0.36–1.65) | 0.503 | 1.38 (0.91–2.10) | 0.127 | 0.93 (0.50–1.76) | 0.834 | 1.31 (0.83–2.06) | 0.248 |
Factor | HR (95% CI) | p Value |
---|---|---|
Older age (≥55 vs. <55, years) | 2.00 (1.08–3.69) | 0.028 * |
Cirrhosis | 1.82 (0.88–3.74) | 0.105 |
Splenomegaly | 1.49 (0.77–2.85) | 0.233 |
Child–Pugh score | 2.67 (1.70–4.19) | <0.001 * |
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Chen, J.; Peng, K.; Hu, D.; Shen, J.; Zhou, Z.; Xu, L.; Chen, J.; Pan, Y.; Wang, J.; Zhang, Y.; et al. Tumor Location Influences Oncologic Outcomes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Radiofrequency Ablation. Cancers 2018, 10, 378. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10100378
Chen J, Peng K, Hu D, Shen J, Zhou Z, Xu L, Chen J, Pan Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, et al. Tumor Location Influences Oncologic Outcomes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Radiofrequency Ablation. Cancers. 2018; 10(10):378. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10100378
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Jinbin, Kangqiang Peng, Dandan Hu, Jingxian Shen, Zhongguo Zhou, Li Xu, Jiancong Chen, Yangxun Pan, Juncheng Wang, Yaojun Zhang, and et al. 2018. "Tumor Location Influences Oncologic Outcomes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Radiofrequency Ablation" Cancers 10, no. 10: 378. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10100378