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Micromachines
Volume 12
Issue 8
10.3390/mi12080921
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Article

Formation and Elimination of Satellite Droplets during Monodisperse Droplet Generation by Using Piezoelectric Method

by
Zejian Hu
1,
Shengji Li
2,*,
Fan Yang
1,
Xunjie Lin
1,
Sunqiang Pan
3,
Xuefeng Huang
1,* and
Jiangrong Xu
1
1
Institute of Energy, Department of Physics, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
2
College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
3
Division of Biological and Chemical Metrology, Zhejiang Institute of Metrology, Hangzhou 310018, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Micromachines 2021, 12(8), 921; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12080921
Submission received: 10 July 2021 / Revised: 25 July 2021 / Accepted: 28 July 2021 / Published: 31 July 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Heat and Mass Transfer in Micro/Nano Systems)
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Abstract

One of the key questions in the generation of monodisperse droplets is how to eliminate satellite droplets. This paper investigates the formation and elimination of satellite droplets during the generation of monodisperse deionized water droplets based on a piezoelectric method. We estimated the effects of two crucial parameters—the pulse frequency for driving the piezoelectric transducer (PZT) tube and the volume flow rate of the pumping liquid—on the generation of monodisperse droplets of the expected size. It was found that by adjusting the pulse frequency to harmonize with the volume flow rate, the satellite droplets can be eliminated through their coalescence with the subsequent mother droplets. An increase in the tuning pulse frequency led to a decrease in the size of the monodisperse droplets generated. Among three optimum conditions (OCs) (OC1: 20 mL/h, 20 kHz; OC2: 30 mL/h, 30 kHz; and OC3: 40 mL/h, 40 kHz), the sizes of the generated monodisperse deionized water droplets followed a bimodal distribution in OC1 and OC2, whereas they followed a Gaussian distribution in OC3. The average diameters were 87.8 μm (OC1), 85.9 μm (OC2), and 84.8 μm (OC3), which were 8.46%, 6.14%, and 4.69% greater than the theoretical one (81.0 μm), respectively. This monodisperse droplet generation technology is a promising step in the production of monodisperse aerosols for engineering applications.
Keywords: monodisperse droplet generation; satellite droplets; piezoelectric method; droplet coalescence monodisperse droplet generation; satellite droplets; piezoelectric method; droplet coalescence

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hu, Z.; Li, S.; Yang, F.; Lin, X.; Pan, S.; Huang, X.; Xu, J. Formation and Elimination of Satellite Droplets during Monodisperse Droplet Generation by Using Piezoelectric Method. Micromachines 2021, 12, 921. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12080921

AMA Style

Hu Z, Li S, Yang F, Lin X, Pan S, Huang X, Xu J. Formation and Elimination of Satellite Droplets during Monodisperse Droplet Generation by Using Piezoelectric Method. Micromachines. 2021; 12(8):921. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12080921

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hu, Zejian, Shengji Li, Fan Yang, Xunjie Lin, Sunqiang Pan, Xuefeng Huang, and Jiangrong Xu. 2021. "Formation and Elimination of Satellite Droplets during Monodisperse Droplet Generation by Using Piezoelectric Method" Micromachines 12, no. 8: 921. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12080921

APA Style

Hu, Z., Li, S., Yang, F., Lin, X., Pan, S., Huang, X., & Xu, J. (2021). Formation and Elimination of Satellite Droplets during Monodisperse Droplet Generation by Using Piezoelectric Method. Micromachines, 12(8), 921. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12080921

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