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Micromachines
Volume 16
Issue 8
10.3390/mi16080905
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

A Novel Integrated Inertial Navigation System with a Single-Axis Cold Atom Interferometer Gyroscope Based on Numerical Studies

by
Zihao Chen
1,
Fangjun Qin
1,*,
Sibin Lu
2,
Runbing Li
2,3,4,*,
Min Jiang
2,
Yihao Wang
5,
Jiahao Fu
2,6 and
Chuan Sun
2,6
1
College of Electrical Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
3
Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
4
Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, China
5
No. 92038 Unit, The PLA, Qingdao 266109, China
6
School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Micromachines 2025, 16(8), 905; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080905 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 29 June 2025 / Revised: 24 July 2025 / Accepted: 29 July 2025 / Published: 2 August 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

Inertial navigation systems (INSs) exhibit distinctive characteristics, such as long-duration operation, full autonomy, and exceptional covertness compared to other navigation systems. However, errors are accumulated over time due to operational principles and the limitations of sensors. To address this problem, this study theoretically explores a numerically simulated integrated inertial navigation system consisting of a single-axis cold atom interferometer gyroscope (CAIG) and a conventional inertial measurement unit (IMU). The system leverages the low bias and drift of the CAIG and the high sampling rate of the conventional IMU to obtain more accurate navigation information. Furthermore, an adaptive gradient ascent (AGA) method is proposed to estimate the variance of the measurement noise online for the Kalman filter. It was found that errors of latitude, longitude, and positioning are reduced by 43.9%, 32.6%, and 32.3% compared with the conventional IMU over 24 h. On this basis, errors from inertial sensor drift could be further reduced by the online Kalman filter.
Keywords: cold atom interferometer gyroscope; integrated navigation system; adaptive gradient ascent; Kalman filter cold atom interferometer gyroscope; integrated navigation system; adaptive gradient ascent; Kalman filter

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Chen, Z.; Qin, F.; Lu, S.; Li, R.; Jiang, M.; Wang, Y.; Fu, J.; Sun, C. A Novel Integrated Inertial Navigation System with a Single-Axis Cold Atom Interferometer Gyroscope Based on Numerical Studies. Micromachines 2025, 16, 905. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080905

AMA Style

Chen Z, Qin F, Lu S, Li R, Jiang M, Wang Y, Fu J, Sun C. A Novel Integrated Inertial Navigation System with a Single-Axis Cold Atom Interferometer Gyroscope Based on Numerical Studies. Micromachines. 2025; 16(8):905. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080905

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chen, Zihao, Fangjun Qin, Sibin Lu, Runbing Li, Min Jiang, Yihao Wang, Jiahao Fu, and Chuan Sun. 2025. "A Novel Integrated Inertial Navigation System with a Single-Axis Cold Atom Interferometer Gyroscope Based on Numerical Studies" Micromachines 16, no. 8: 905. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080905

APA Style

Chen, Z., Qin, F., Lu, S., Li, R., Jiang, M., Wang, Y., Fu, J., & Sun, C. (2025). A Novel Integrated Inertial Navigation System with a Single-Axis Cold Atom Interferometer Gyroscope Based on Numerical Studies. Micromachines, 16(8), 905. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080905

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