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Article

A Sliding Microfluidic Chip-Integrated Colorimetric Biosensor Using MnO2 Nanoflowers for Rapid Salmonella Detection

1
College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
2
College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
3
College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Micromachines 2025, 16(8), 904; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080904 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 30 June 2025 / Revised: 25 July 2025 / Accepted: 27 July 2025 / Published: 31 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Section B1: Biosensors)

Abstract

Rapid screening of foodborne pathogens is critical for food safety, yet current detection techniques often suffer from low efficiency and complexity. In this study, we developed a sliding microfluidic colorimetric biosensor for the fast, sensitive, and multiplex detection of Salmonella. First, the target bacteria were specifically captured by antibody-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles in the microfluidic chip, forming magnetic bead–bacteria complexes. Then, through motor-assisted sliding of the chip, manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoflowers conjugated with secondary antibodies were introduced to bind the captured bacteria, generating a dual-antibody sandwich structure. Finally, a second sliding step brought the complexes into contact with a chromogenic substrate, where the MnO2 nanoflowers catalyzed a colorimetric reaction, and the resulting signal was used to quantify the Salmonella concentration. Under optimized conditions, the biosensor achieved a detection limit of 10 CFU/mL within 20 min. In spiked pork samples, the average recovery rate of Salmonella ranged from 94.9% to 125.4%, with a coefficient of variation between 4.0% and 6.8%. By integrating mixing, separation, washing, catalysis, and detection into a single chip, this microfluidic biosensor offers a user-friendly, time-efficient, and highly sensitive platform, showing great potential for the on-site detection of foodborne pathogens.
Keywords: colorimetric biosensor; microfluidic chip; manganese dioxide nanoflowers; Salmonella detection colorimetric biosensor; microfluidic chip; manganese dioxide nanoflowers; Salmonella detection

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MDPI and ACS Style

Niu, Y.; Jiang, J.; Zhi, X.; An, J.; Wang, Y. A Sliding Microfluidic Chip-Integrated Colorimetric Biosensor Using MnO2 Nanoflowers for Rapid Salmonella Detection. Micromachines 2025, 16, 904. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080904

AMA Style

Niu Y, Jiang J, Zhi X, An J, Wang Y. A Sliding Microfluidic Chip-Integrated Colorimetric Biosensor Using MnO2 Nanoflowers for Rapid Salmonella Detection. Micromachines. 2025; 16(8):904. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080904

Chicago/Turabian Style

Niu, Yidan, Juntao Jiang, Xin Zhi, Jiahui An, and Yuhe Wang. 2025. "A Sliding Microfluidic Chip-Integrated Colorimetric Biosensor Using MnO2 Nanoflowers for Rapid Salmonella Detection" Micromachines 16, no. 8: 904. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080904

APA Style

Niu, Y., Jiang, J., Zhi, X., An, J., & Wang, Y. (2025). A Sliding Microfluidic Chip-Integrated Colorimetric Biosensor Using MnO2 Nanoflowers for Rapid Salmonella Detection. Micromachines, 16(8), 904. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080904

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