Metal–Phenolic Film Coated Quartz Crystal Microbalance as a Selective Sensor for Methanol Detection in Alcoholic Beverages
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Synthesis and Deposition of the Metal–Phenolic Film
2.3. Materials Characterization
2.4. Experimental Section
2.5. Defining the Saturated Vapor Concentrations
3. Results
3.1. Physicochemical Profile of the Metal–Phenolic Film
3.2. Detection of Organic Solvents and Interfering Chemical Compounds
3.3. Sorption–Desorption Kinetics and Sensing Mechanisms
3.4. Detection of Methanol and Isopropanol in Alcoholic Drinks
3.5. Our Vision for Designing a Portable MPF-QCM-Based Sensor System
4. Conclusions
5. Patents
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Surface Area of the MPF-QCM | Chemical Element (at.%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | O | Si | Au | Fe | Cl | |
Without FeCl3 particles | 20.5 | 44.7 | 26.4 | 7.5 | 0.7 | 0.2 |
With FeCl3 particles | 5.5 | 50.4 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 30.3 | 8 |
Analyte | Molecular Mass m (g/mol) | P (kPa) | C (ppm) | Tair = Tliquid (°C) | ∆f (Hz) | tres (s) | trec (s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H2O | 18.2 | 2.34 | 17 | 20 ± 2 | −15 ± 6 | 793 ± 79 | 191 ± 16 |
C6H14 | 82.2 | 31 | 1100 | 20 ± 2 | −31 ± 4 | 609 ± 10 | n/a |
NH4OH | 35.04 | 48 | 690 | 20 ± 2 | −67 ± 9 | 71 ± 9 | n/a |
CH3OH | 32.04 | 13.02 | 170 | 20 ± 2 | −127 ± 2 | 329 ± 62 | 78 ± 8 |
C2H5OH | 46.07 | 5.95 | 110 | 20 ± 2 | −185 ± 9 | 1032 ± 66 | 90 ± 20 |
C3H8O | 60.1 | 4.4 | 110 | 20 ± 2 | −196 ± 1 | 837 ± 14 | 94 ± 15 |
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Esmeryan, K.D.; Lazarov, Y.; Grakov, T.; Fedchenko, Y.I.; Vergov, L.G.; Staykov, S. Metal–Phenolic Film Coated Quartz Crystal Microbalance as a Selective Sensor for Methanol Detection in Alcoholic Beverages. Micromachines 2023, 14, 1274. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14061274
Esmeryan KD, Lazarov Y, Grakov T, Fedchenko YI, Vergov LG, Staykov S. Metal–Phenolic Film Coated Quartz Crystal Microbalance as a Selective Sensor for Methanol Detection in Alcoholic Beverages. Micromachines. 2023; 14(6):1274. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14061274
Chicago/Turabian StyleEsmeryan, Karekin D., Yuliyan Lazarov, Teodor Grakov, Yulian I. Fedchenko, Lazar G. Vergov, and Stefan Staykov. 2023. "Metal–Phenolic Film Coated Quartz Crystal Microbalance as a Selective Sensor for Methanol Detection in Alcoholic Beverages" Micromachines 14, no. 6: 1274. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14061274