Experimental Flight Patterns Evaluation for a UAV-Based Air Pollutant Sensor

Araujo, João Otávio; Valente, João; Kooistra, Lammert; Munniks, Sandra; Peters, Ruud J. B.

doi:10.3390/mi11080768

Open AccessArticle

Experimental Flight Patterns Evaluation for a UAV-Based Air Pollutant Sensor

by

João Otávio Araujo

¹

,

João Valente

^1,*

,

Lammert Kooistra

²

,

Sandra Munniks

³ and

Ruud J. B. Peters

³

¹

Information Technology (INF), Wageningen University (WUR), Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands

²

Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University (WUR), Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands

³

Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, The Netherlands

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Micromachines 2020, 11(8), 768; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11080768

Submission received: 30 June 2020 / Revised: 8 August 2020 / Accepted: 8 August 2020 / Published: 11 August 2020

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of Innovative Sensor Platforms for Field Analysis)

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Abstract

The use of drones in combination with remote sensors have displayed increasing interest over the last years due to its potential to automate monitoring processes. In this study, a novel approach of a small flying e-nose is proposed by assembling a set of AlphaSense electrochemical-sensors to a DJI Matrix 100 unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The system was tested on an outdoor field with a source of NO₂. Field tests were conducted in a 100 m² area on two dates with different wind speed levels varying from low (0.0–2.9m/s) to high (2.1–5.3m/s), two flight patterns zigzag and spiral and at three altitudes (3, 6 and 9 m). The objective of this study is to evaluate the sensors responsiveness and performance when subject to distinct flying conditions. A Wilcoxon rank-sum test showed significant difference between flight patterns only under High Wind conditions, with Spiral flights being slightly superior than Zigzag. With the aim of contributing to other studies in the same field, the data used in this analysis will be shared with the scientific community.

Keywords: unmanned aerial vehicle; electrochemical sensors; gas sensing; remote sensing

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MDPI and ACS Style

Araujo, J.O.; Valente, J.; Kooistra, L.; Munniks, S.; Peters, R.J.B. Experimental Flight Patterns Evaluation for a UAV-Based Air Pollutant Sensor. Micromachines 2020, 11, 768. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11080768

AMA Style

Araujo JO, Valente J, Kooistra L, Munniks S, Peters RJB. Experimental Flight Patterns Evaluation for a UAV-Based Air Pollutant Sensor. Micromachines. 2020; 11(8):768. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11080768

Chicago/Turabian Style

Araujo, João Otávio, João Valente, Lammert Kooistra, Sandra Munniks, and Ruud J. B. Peters. 2020. "Experimental Flight Patterns Evaluation for a UAV-Based Air Pollutant Sensor" Micromachines 11, no. 8: 768. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11080768

APA Style

Araujo, J. O., Valente, J., Kooistra, L., Munniks, S., & Peters, R. J. B. (2020). Experimental Flight Patterns Evaluation for a UAV-Based Air Pollutant Sensor. Micromachines, 11(8), 768. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11080768

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Experimental Flight Patterns Evaluation for a UAV-Based Air Pollutant Sensor

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