Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Moderate Hypercholesterolemic Subjects: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, Sustainedand Controlled Study

Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201 Reus, Spain

Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av/de la Universitat, 1, 43204 Reus, Spain

Lipid Unit, Clinical Analysis and Biochemistry Service, Hospital San Jorge de Huesca, 22004 Huesca, Spain

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Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Biotechnology Area, Av/de la Universitat, 1, 43204 Reus, Spain

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Pharmactive Biotech Products, S.L., C/Faraday 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain

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Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Campus Sescelades, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain

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Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Av/del Doctor Josep Laporte, 2, 43204 Reus, Spain

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Academic Editors: Begoña Muguerza and Francisca Isabel Bravo

Nutrients 2022, 14(3), 405; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030405

Received: 29 November 2021 / Revised: 22 December 2021 / Accepted: 26 December 2021 / Published: 18 January 2022

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention of Hypertension)

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Abstract

The consumption of aged black garlic (ABG) has been related to improvements in several cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. However, the extent of the beneficial effects depends on the garlic aging process and the amount and type of chemical compounds accumulated. The main objective of this study was to assess the effect of daily intake of a well-characterized ABG extract with a standardized S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC) yield in combination with dietary recommendations regarding CVD risk factors in individuals with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Sixty-seven hypercholesterolemic individuals with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels ≥115 mg/dL were randomized in a crossover, double-blind, sustained, and controlled intervention study. The participants consumed 250 mg (1.25 mg SAC)/tablet/day ABG or a placebo for 6 weeks, with 3 weeks of washout. Blood and pulse pressure and other CVD risk biomarkers were determined at the beginning and end of each intervention. At 6 weeks, ABG extract reduced diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (mean (95% CI) −5.85 (−10.5; −1.3) mm Hg) compared to the placebo, particularly in men with a DBP > 75 mm Hg. The consumption of an improved ABG extract with 1.25 mg of SAC decreased DBP, particularly in men with moderate hypercholesterolemia. The potential beneficial effects of ABG may contribute to obtaining an optimal DBP. View Full-Text

Keywords: aged garlic extract; S-allyl-L-cysteine; cardiovascular disease risk factor; hypercholesterolemia; blood pressure; pulse pressure

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MDPI and ACS Style

Valls, R.M.; Companys, J.; Calderón-Pérez, L.; Salamanca, P.; Pla-Pagà, L.; Sandoval-Ramírez, B.A.; Bueno, A.; Puzo, J.; Crescenti, A.; Bas, J.M.d.; Caimari, A.; Salamanca, A.; Espinel, A.E.; Pedret, A.; Arola, L.; Solà, R. Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Moderate Hypercholesterolemic Subjects: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, Sustainedand Controlled Study. Nutrients 2022, 14, 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030405

AMA Style

Valls RM, Companys J, Calderón-Pérez L, Salamanca P, Pla-Pagà L, Sandoval-Ramírez BA, Bueno A, Puzo J, Crescenti A, Bas JMd, Caimari A, Salamanca A, Espinel AE, Pedret A, Arola L, Solà R. Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Moderate Hypercholesterolemic Subjects: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, Sustainedand Controlled Study. Nutrients. 2022; 14(3):405. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030405

Chicago/Turabian Style

Valls, Rosa M., Judit Companys, Lorena Calderón-Pérez, Patricia Salamanca, Laura Pla-Pagà, Berner A. Sandoval-Ramírez, Antonio Bueno, Jose Puzo, Anna Crescenti, Josep M.d. Bas, Antoni Caimari, Aurora Salamanca, Alberto E. Espinel, Anna Pedret, Lluís Arola, and Rosa Solà. 2022. "Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Moderate Hypercholesterolemic Subjects: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, Sustainedand Controlled Study" Nutrients 14, no. 3: 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030405

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Effects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Moderate Hypercholesterolemic Subjects: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, Sustainedand Controlled Study

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