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Taxonomic Composition and Diversity of the Gut Microbiota in Relation to Habitual Dietary Intake in Korean Adults

1
Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France
2
Department of Cancer Prevention and Environment, INSERM UA8, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, 69003 Lyon, France
3
National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (NAS-RDA), Wanju, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea
4
Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors equally contributed to this work.
Academic Editor: Lara R. Dugas
Nutrients 2021, 13(2), 366; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020366
Received: 10 December 2020 / Revised: 19 January 2021 / Accepted: 22 January 2021 / Published: 26 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Metabolism)
We investigated associations of habitual dietary intake with the taxonomic composition and diversity of the human gut microbiota in 222 Koreans aged 18–58 years in a cross-sectional study. Gut microbiota data were obtained by 16S rRNA gene sequencing on DNA extracted from fecal samples. The habitual diet for the previous year was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. After multivariable adjustment, intake of several food groups including vegetables, fermented legumes, legumes, dairy products, processed meat, and non-alcoholic beverages were associated with major phyla of the gut microbiota. A dietary pattern related to higher α-diversity (HiαDP) derived by reduced rank regression was characterized by higher intakes of fermented legumes, vegetables, seaweeds, and nuts/seeds and lower intakes of non-alcoholic beverages. The HiαDP was positively associated with several genera of Firmicutes such as Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, and Eubacterium (all p < 0.05). Among enterotypes identified by principal coordinate analysis based on the β-diversity, the Ruminococcus enterotype had higher HiαDP scores and was strongly positively associated with intakes of vegetables, seaweeds, and nuts/seeds, compared to the two other enterotypes. We conclude that a plant- and fermented food-based diet was positively associated with some genera of Firmicutes (e.g., Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, and Eubacterium) reflecting better gut microbial health. View Full-Text
Keywords: human gut microbiota; enterotypes; habitual diet; dietary pattern; Korean adults human gut microbiota; enterotypes; habitual diet; dietary pattern; Korean adults
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MDPI and ACS Style

Noh, H.; Jang, H.-H.; Kim, G.; Zouiouich, S.; Cho, S.-Y.; Kim, H.-J.; Kim, J.; Choe, J.-S.; Gunter, M.J.; Ferrari, P.; Scalbert, A.; Freisling, H. Taxonomic Composition and Diversity of the Gut Microbiota in Relation to Habitual Dietary Intake in Korean Adults. Nutrients 2021, 13, 366. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020366

AMA Style

Noh H, Jang H-H, Kim G, Zouiouich S, Cho S-Y, Kim H-J, Kim J, Choe J-S, Gunter MJ, Ferrari P, Scalbert A, Freisling H. Taxonomic Composition and Diversity of the Gut Microbiota in Relation to Habitual Dietary Intake in Korean Adults. Nutrients. 2021; 13(2):366. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020366

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noh, Hwayoung, Hwan-Hee Jang, Gichang Kim, Semi Zouiouich, Su-Yeon Cho, Hyeon-Jeong Kim, Jeongseon Kim, Jeong-Sook Choe, Marc J. Gunter, Pietro Ferrari, Augustin Scalbert, and Heinz Freisling. 2021. "Taxonomic Composition and Diversity of the Gut Microbiota in Relation to Habitual Dietary Intake in Korean Adults" Nutrients 13, no. 2: 366. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020366

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