Health-Related Lifestyle Profiles in Healthy Adults: Associations with Sociodemographic Indicators, Dispositional Optimism, and Sense of Coherence
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants and Procedure
2.2. Sociodemographic Indicators
2.3. Lifestyle Measures
2.3.1. Diet
2.3.2. Alcohol Consumption
2.3.3. Physical Activity
2.3.4. Cigarette Smoking Behavior
2.3.5. Cardiovascular Screening
2.4. Psychological Measures
2.4.1. Dispositional Optimism
2.4.2. Sense of Coherence
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Study Sample
3.2. Identification of Lifestyle Profiles
3.3. Associations between Lifestyle Profile, Sociodemographic, and Psychological Variables
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sociodemographic Variables | |
---|---|
Age, mean (SD) | 34.7 (11.6) |
Gender, n (%) | |
Female | 363 (53.7%) |
Male | 313 (46.3%) |
Educational level, n (%) | |
high school or less | 310 (45.9%) |
higher than high school | 366 (54.1%) |
Family history of cardiovascular disease | |
yes | 492 (72.8%) |
no | 184 (27.2%) |
Goodness-of-Fit Indices | 3-Cluster | 5-Cluster |
---|---|---|
Explained ESS | 51.2095 | 72.9547 |
Point-biserial correlation | 0.7850 | 0.5007 |
C-index | 0.2028 | 0.1007 |
Gamma index | 0.9272 | 0.8658 |
W/B index | 0.2718 | 0.1968 |
G+ index | 0.0175 | 0.0229 |
Cluster | N (%) | Mean Age (SD) | % Male | % Healthy Lifestyles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diet | Alcohol Consumption | Physical Activity | Cigarette Smoking | Cardiovascular Screening | ||||
1 | 159 (23.5%) | 33.6 (11.8) | 43.4% | 23.3% | 89.9% | 0.0% | 100.0% | 50.9% |
2 | 180 (26.6%) | 33.0 (10.7) | 57.8% | 36.7% | 90.0% | 100.0% | 68.9% | 58.9% |
3 | 170 (25.1%) | 33.1 (11.0) | 38.8% | 31.8% | 86.5% | 0.0% | 28.8% | 52.4% |
4 | 86 (12.7%) | 38.9 (12.1) | 55.8% | 37.2% | 94.2% | 32.6% | 53.5% | 100.0% |
5 | 81 (12.0%) | 39.0 (11.9) | 32.1% | 38.3% | 100.0% | 29.6% | 82.7% | 70.4% |
95% CI | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cluster | Predictor | Estimate | SE | Z | p | OR | Lower | Upper |
1–3 | Intercept | −0.69 | 0.68 | −1.02 | 0.306 | 0.50 | 0.13 | 1.88 |
Age | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.57 | 0.570 | 1.01 | 0.99 | 1.03 | |
Gender | 0.24 | 0.24 | 1.02 | 0.308 | 1.27 | 0.80 | 2.03 | |
Education | 0.01 | 0.24 | 0.04 | 0.971 | 1.01 | 0.64 | 1.60 | |
Family history of CVD | −0.13 | 0.26 | −0.50 | 0.615 | 0.88 | 0.53 | 1.46 | |
Optimism | −0.15 | 0.16 | −0.92 | 0.360 | 0.86 | 0.63 | 1.18 | |
SOC: Comprehensibility | −0.40 | 0.18 | −2.21 | 0.027 | 0.67 | 0.47 | 0.96 | |
SOC: Manageability | 0.36 | 0.15 | 2.33 | 0.020 | 1.43 | 1.06 | 1.93 | |
SOC: Meaningfulness | 0.22 | 0.13 | 1.70 | 0.090 | 1.25 | 0.97 | 1.61 | |
2–3 | Intercept | −1.52 | 0.68 | −2.23 | 0.026 | 0.22 | 0.06 | 0.83 |
Age | −0.00 | 0.01 | −0.36 | 0.722 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.02 | |
Gender | 0.87 | 0.23 | 3.77 | <0.001 | 2.40 | 1.52 | 3.78 | |
Education | 0.07 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 0.777 | 1.07 | 0.68 | 1.68 | |
Family history of CVD | 0.10 | 0.24 | 0.43 | 0.667 | 1.11 | 0.69 | 1.79 | |
Optimism | 0.26 | 0.16 | 1.66 | 0.096 | 1.30 | 0.95 | 1.78 | |
SOC: Comprehensibility | −0.30 | 0.18 | −1.72 | 0.086 | 0.74 | 0.52 | 1.04 | |
SOC: Manageability | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.83 | 0.407 | 1.13 | 0.85 | 1.51 | |
SOC: Meaningfulness | 0.22 | 0.13 | 1.72 | 0.085 | 1.25 | 0.97 | 1.60 | |
4–3 | Intercept | −2.24 | 0.80 | −2.80 | 0.005 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.51 |
Age | 0.05 | 0.01 | 3.93 | <0.001 | 1.05 | 1.02 | 1.08 | |
Gender | 0.74 | 0.28 | 2.59 | 0.010 | 2.09 | 1.20 | 3.65 | |
Education | 0.17 | 0.29 | 0.59 | 0.552 | 1.18 | 0.68 | 2.07 | |
Family history of CVD | 0.10 | 0.31 | 0.34 | 0.732 | 1.11 | 0.61 | 2.03 | |
Optimism | −0.40 | 0.20 | −2.02 | 0.043 | 0.67 | 0.46 | 0.99 | |
SOC: Comprehensibility | −0.29 | 0.22 | −1.33 | 0.182 | 0.75 | 0.49 | 1.15 | |
SOC: Manageability | 0.21 | 0.18 | 1.13 | 0.257 | 1.23 | 0.86 | 1.77 | |
SOC: Meaningfulness | 0.21 | 0.15 | 1.36 | 0.175 | 1.23 | 0.91 | 1.67 | |
5–3 | Intercept | −1.24 | 0.81 | −1.54 | 0.124 | 0.29 | 0.06 | 1.40 |
Age | 0.05 | 0.01 | 3.78 | <0.001 | 1.05 | 1.02 | 1.07 | |
Gender | −0.34 | 0.30 | −1.13 | 0.257 | 0.71 | 0.40 | 1.28 | |
Education | −0.07 | 0.29 | −0.23 | 0.815 | 0.93 | 0.53 | 1.65 | |
Family history of CVD | 0.02 | 0.32 | 0.07 | 0.943 | 1.02 | 0.55 | 1.91 | |
Optimism | 8.68 × 10−4 | 0.20 | 0.00 | 0.997 | 1.00 | 0.68 | 1.48 | |
SOC: Comprehensibility | −0.40 | 0.22 | −1.83 | 0.068 | 0.67 | 0.44 | 1.03 | |
SOC: Manageability | 0.23 | 0.19 | 1.21 | 0.227 | 1.25 | 0.87 | 1.81 | |
SOC: Meaningfulness | −0.05 | 0.15 | −0.30 | 0.762 | 0.95 | 0.71 | 1.29 |
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Adorni, R.; Zanatta, F.; D’Addario, M.; Atella, F.; Costantino, E.; Iaderosa, C.; Petarle, G.; Steca, P. Health-Related Lifestyle Profiles in Healthy Adults: Associations with Sociodemographic Indicators, Dispositional Optimism, and Sense of Coherence. Nutrients 2021, 13, 3778. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113778
Adorni R, Zanatta F, D’Addario M, Atella F, Costantino E, Iaderosa C, Petarle G, Steca P. Health-Related Lifestyle Profiles in Healthy Adults: Associations with Sociodemographic Indicators, Dispositional Optimism, and Sense of Coherence. Nutrients. 2021; 13(11):3778. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113778
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdorni, Roberta, Francesco Zanatta, Marco D’Addario, Francesca Atella, Elena Costantino, Caterina Iaderosa, Giulia Petarle, and Patrizia Steca. 2021. "Health-Related Lifestyle Profiles in Healthy Adults: Associations with Sociodemographic Indicators, Dispositional Optimism, and Sense of Coherence" Nutrients 13, no. 11: 3778. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113778
APA StyleAdorni, R., Zanatta, F., D’Addario, M., Atella, F., Costantino, E., Iaderosa, C., Petarle, G., & Steca, P. (2021). Health-Related Lifestyle Profiles in Healthy Adults: Associations with Sociodemographic Indicators, Dispositional Optimism, and Sense of Coherence. Nutrients, 13(11), 3778. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113778