The Effect of Daily Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) Consumption on High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Healthy Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Approval
2.2. Participant Recruitment
2.3. Study Design
2.4. Physical Activity
2.5. Dietary Intake
2.6. Anthropometric Measures
2.7. Metabolic Rate and Blood Pressure
2.8. Blood Measures
2.9. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Physical Activity and Diet
3.2. Serum Methylsulfonylmethane
3.3. Anthropometric, Metabolic Measures
3.4. Measures of Inflammation, Oxidative Status, and Cardiac Fibrosis
4. Discussion
4.1. Physical Activity and Diet
4.2. Serum MSM
4.3. Markers of Cardiometabolic Health
4.4. Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Status
4.5. Cardiac Fibrosis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | Placebo | MSM | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
n (sex) | 6 (female) 3 (male) | 9 (female) 4 (male) | |
age | 40.7 ± 4.0 | 43.7 ± 3.9 | 0.605 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 34 ± 2.3 | 31.5 ± 1.1 | 0.593 |
% body fat | 41.2 ± 3.3 | 39.8 ± 2.0 | 0.708 |
RMR (kcals/day) | 1650.0 ± 218.3 | 1596.9 ± 109.3 | 0.814 |
PA (kcals/kg/week) | 290.5 ± 29.2 | 299.6 ± 24.3 | 0.789 |
Dietary intake (kcals/day) | 2069.1 ± 174.4 | 2206.0 ± 134.3 | 0.54 |
Fat (g/day) | 78.9 ± 6.5 | 102.2 ± 6.5 | 0.031 * |
Protein (g/day) | 82.6 ± 11.0 | 97.8 ± 10.2 | 0.263 |
Carbohydrate (g/day) | 258.0 ± 43.5 | 231.5 ± 25.4 | 0.583 |
Variable | Group | Baseline | 4 Week | 8 Week | 16 Week | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
glucose (mg/dL) | placebo | 92.3 ± 4.1 | 93.8 ± 3.7 | 92.9 ± 3.9 | 94.4 ± 3.2 | 0.656 |
MSM | 92.5 ± 3.0 | 95.0 ± 2.8 | 93.8 ± 2.9 | 93.2 ± 2.5 | ||
insulin (uUI/mL) | placebo | 19.6 ± 3.6 | 18.2 ± 4.4 | 17.4 ± 5.4 | 20.6 ± 5.8 | 0.097 |
MSM | 18.5 ± 2.6 | 18.3 ± 1.7 | 14.7 ± 1.5 | 17.9 ± 1.6 | ||
HOMA-IR | placebo | 4.5 ± 0.8 | 4.2 ± 1.1 | 4.0 ± 1.3 | 4.8 ± 1.4 | 0.260 |
MSM | 4.2 ± 0.6 | 4.3 ± 0.4 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 4.1 ± 0.4 | ||
Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) | placebo | 188.3 ± 11.5 | 194.3 ± 8.0 | 200 ± 9.4 | 186.9 ± 9.3 | 0.099 |
MSM | 172.2 ± 10.3 | 179.0 ± 8.4 | 181.2 ± 8.0 | 176.4 ± 8.3 | ||
TGs (mg/dL) | placebo | 165.0 ± 36.0 | 121.1 ± 13.8 | 156.4 ± 35.7 | 162.1 ± 26.2 | 0.515 |
MSM | 112.5 ± 11.4 | 110.7 ± 9.6 | 112.1 ± 12.8 | 131.6 ± 18.3 | ||
LDL (mg/dL) | placebo | 118.6 ± 9.2 | 123.9 ± 6.5 | 127.6 ± 9.7 | 109.7 ± 10.2 | 0.126 |
MSM | 102.0 ± 8.5 | 106.2 ± 7.3 | 107.4 ± 5.6 | 100.2 ± 6.3 | ||
VLDL (mg/dL) | placebo | 27.8 ± 3.4 | 24.4 ± 2.7 | 27.1 ± 1.4 | 29.2 ± 5.2 | 0.235 |
MSM | 22.5 ± 2.3 | 22.2 ± 1.9 | 21.6 ± 2.6 | 24.4 ± 3.6 | ||
HDL (mg/dL) | placebo | 42.7 ± 2.5 | 46.0 ± 3.8 | 46.3 ± 3.8 | 48.0 ± 4.9 | 0.003 |
MSM | 44.9 ± 3.7 | 50.7 ± 3.0 | * 52.2 ± 2.9 | * 51.8 ± 2.8 | ||
SBP (mmHg) | placebo | 123.5 ± 5.2 | 118.1 ± 5.2 | 119.3 ± 5.4 | 114.9 ± 3.1 | 0.625 |
MSM | 127.3 ± 4.6 | 120.3 ± 5.2 | 119.7 ± 4.0 | 121.6 ± 4.8 | ||
DBP (mmHg) | placebo | 84.8 ± 4.5 | 77.6 ± 3.5 | 79.8 ± 3.0 | 78.2 ± 2.6 | 0.967 |
MSM | 80.7 ± 3.1 | 81.3 ± 4.0 | 77.6 ± 3.5 | 80.1 ± 3.3 |
Variable | Group | Baseline | 4 Week | 8 Week | 16 Week | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TAC | placebo | 6.06 ± 0.58 | 6.49 ± 0.78 | 6.30 ± 0.74 | 6.44 ± 0.91 | 0.583 |
MSM | 6.37 ± 0.58 | 6.49 ± 0.61 | 6.75 ± 0.66 | 6.75 ± 0.60 | ||
TNF-α | placebo | 6.46 ± 1.08 | 6.63 ± 1.07 | 6.72 ± 1.07 | 6.84 ± 1.08 | 0.498 |
MSM | 7.84 ± 1.06 | 7.76 ± 1.00 | 7.63 ± 0.98 | 8.04 ± 1.13 | ||
IL-6 | placebo | 1.75 ± 0.43 | 2.33 ± 0.59 | 2.17 ± 0.71 | 2.29 ± 0.66 | 0.319 |
MSM | 1.79 ± 0.60 | 2.07 ± 0.67 | 1.76 ± 0.62 | 1.68 ± 0.57 | ||
4-HNE | placebo | 91.24 ± 20.91 | 96.63 ± 22.14 | 87.77 ± 21.5 | 85.75 ± 26.62 | 0.574 |
MSM | 50.90 ± 6.58 | 55.01 ± 7.37 | 55.61 ± 8.51 | 49.88 ± 7.54 | ||
PINP | placebo | 437.38 ± 98.32 | _ | _ | 363.27 ± 51.39 | 0.297 |
MSM | 432.74 ± 77.78 | _ | _ | 460.38 ± 64.39 | ||
PIIINP | placebo | 0.446 ± 0.130 | _ | _ | 0.680 ± 0.293 | 0.308 |
MSM | 0.305 ± 0.077 | _ | _ | 0.533 ± 0.120 | ||
PINP/PIIINP | placebo | 3691.512 ± 2714.35 | _ | _ | 2369.616 ± 945.108 | 0.311 |
MSM | 1727.916 ± 601.482 | _ | _ | 899.000 ± 187.634 |
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Miller, L.; Thompson, K.; Pavlenco, C.; Mettu, V.S.; Haverkamp, H.; Skaufel, S.; Basit, A.; Prasad, B.; Larsen, J. The Effect of Daily Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) Consumption on High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Healthy Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021, 13, 3620. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103620
Miller L, Thompson K, Pavlenco C, Mettu VS, Haverkamp H, Skaufel S, Basit A, Prasad B, Larsen J. The Effect of Daily Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) Consumption on High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Healthy Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2021; 13(10):3620. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103620
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiller, Lindsey, Kari Thompson, Carolina Pavlenco, Vijaya Saradhi Mettu, Hans Haverkamp, Samantha Skaufel, Abdul Basit, Bhagwat Prasad, and Julie Larsen. 2021. "The Effect of Daily Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) Consumption on High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Healthy Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial" Nutrients 13, no. 10: 3620. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103620