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Article

Secular Trends in Dietary Intake over a 20-Year Period in People with Type 2 Diabetes in Japan: A Comparative Study of Two Nationwide Registries; Japan Diabetes Complications Study (JDCS) and Japan Diabetes Clinical Data Management Study (JDDM)

by
Mizuki Takeuchi
1,2,
Chika Horikawa
3,
Mariko Hatta
4,
Yasunaga Takeda
1,
Rina Nedachi
1,
Izumi Ikeda
1,
Sakiko Morikawa
5,
Noriko Kato
6,
Hiroki Yokoyama
7,
Rei Aida
8,
Shiro Tanaka
9,
Chiemi Kamada
10,
Yukio Yoshimura
10,
Toshiko Saito
2,
Kazuya Fujihara
1,
Atsushi Araki
11 and
Hirohito Sone
1,*
1
Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
2
Department of Health and Nutrition, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
3
Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Studies, University of Niigata Prefecture, Niigata 950-8680, Japan
4
Saiseikai Niigata Hospital, Niigata 950-1104, Japan
5
Department of Food Science and Dietetics, Faculty of Human Life Studies, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
6
Kato Clinic of Internal Medicine, Tokyo 125-0054, Japan
7
Jiyugaoka Medical Clinic, Obihiro 080-0016, Japan
8
School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
9
Department of Clinical Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
10
Faculty of Human Life Science, Shikoku University, Tokushima 771-1192, Japan
11
Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
 
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2021, 13(10), 3428; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103428
Submission received: 1 September 2021 / Revised: 17 September 2021 / Accepted: 23 September 2021 / Published: 28 September 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Public Health)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: In order to provide effective dietary guidance, it is necessary to consider dietary intake, which can change over time. This study analyzed changes in the diet of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes over a 20-year period. Methods: We compared the results of two dietary surveys that used the food frequency questionnaire format. The first was conducted in 1996 by the Japan Diabetes Complications Study (JDCS) (n = 1509; males 53.3%), and the second in 2014–2018 by the Japan Diabetes Clinical Data Management Study (JDDM) (n = 1145; males 65.6%). Both are nationwide representative registries of outpatients with type 2 diabetes in Japan. Results: Over a 20-year period, both men and women with type 2 diabetes had a significant increase in body mass index (BMI). Nonetheless, there was only a small change in energy intake. Conversely, there was a significant increase in fat intake and thus in the fat-to-energy ratio. With regard to food groups, there was a significant increase in meat intake and a decrease in the intake of fish, soybeans/soy products, vegetables, and fruits, with a particularly significant decrease in vegetables. Conclusions: Even in Japan, an industrialized country with a stable socioeconomic environment, there were many significant changes in the dietary intake of patients with type 2 diabetes over the 20-year period.
Keywords: food intake; type 2 diabetes; obesity; diabetes mellitus; Asia food intake; type 2 diabetes; obesity; diabetes mellitus; Asia

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Takeuchi, M.; Horikawa, C.; Hatta, M.; Takeda, Y.; Nedachi, R.; Ikeda, I.; Morikawa, S.; Kato, N.; Yokoyama, H.; Aida, R.; et al. Secular Trends in Dietary Intake over a 20-Year Period in People with Type 2 Diabetes in Japan: A Comparative Study of Two Nationwide Registries; Japan Diabetes Complications Study (JDCS) and Japan Diabetes Clinical Data Management Study (JDDM). Nutrients 2021, 13, 3428. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103428

AMA Style

Takeuchi M, Horikawa C, Hatta M, Takeda Y, Nedachi R, Ikeda I, Morikawa S, Kato N, Yokoyama H, Aida R, et al. Secular Trends in Dietary Intake over a 20-Year Period in People with Type 2 Diabetes in Japan: A Comparative Study of Two Nationwide Registries; Japan Diabetes Complications Study (JDCS) and Japan Diabetes Clinical Data Management Study (JDDM). Nutrients. 2021; 13(10):3428. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103428

Chicago/Turabian Style

Takeuchi, Mizuki, Chika Horikawa, Mariko Hatta, Yasunaga Takeda, Rina Nedachi, Izumi Ikeda, Sakiko Morikawa, Noriko Kato, Hiroki Yokoyama, Rei Aida, and et al. 2021. "Secular Trends in Dietary Intake over a 20-Year Period in People with Type 2 Diabetes in Japan: A Comparative Study of Two Nationwide Registries; Japan Diabetes Complications Study (JDCS) and Japan Diabetes Clinical Data Management Study (JDDM)" Nutrients 13, no. 10: 3428. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103428

APA Style

Takeuchi, M., Horikawa, C., Hatta, M., Takeda, Y., Nedachi, R., Ikeda, I., Morikawa, S., Kato, N., Yokoyama, H., Aida, R., Tanaka, S., Kamada, C., Yoshimura, Y., Saito, T., Fujihara, K., Araki, A., & Sone, H. (2021). Secular Trends in Dietary Intake over a 20-Year Period in People with Type 2 Diabetes in Japan: A Comparative Study of Two Nationwide Registries; Japan Diabetes Complications Study (JDCS) and Japan Diabetes Clinical Data Management Study (JDDM). Nutrients, 13(10), 3428. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103428

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