Argo, 2015, USA | Steatohepatitis within 6 months. | A: (n = 17) n-3 fish oil (1050 mg EPA, 750 mg DHA, 300 mg other omega-3 s each day) for 12 months B: (n = 17) placebo (predominantly soybean oil)
| Anthropometric assessment Histologic assessment LFT Insulin resistance and lipid profile Abdominal MRI Markers of hepatocyte injury |
Boyraz, 2015, Turkey | Obese patients with NAFLD, persistently elevated serum aminotransferase levels | A: (n = 56) Diet; 1000 mg of PUFA per day and lifestyle intervention for 12 months B: (n = 52) Diet, placebo, and lifestyle intervention
| Anthropometric assessment LFT Insulin resistance and lipid profile Liver ultrasonography |
Chen, 2008, China | NAFLD patients with abnormal lipid test | | LFT Lipid profile tests Liver ultrasonography |
Dasarathy, 2015, USA | Well-controlled diabetes and NASH patients with NAS ≥ 4 within 6 months | | Anthropometric assessment LFT Insulin resistance and lipid profile Histologic assessment |
Eriksson, 2018, Sweden | T2DM, MRI showed PDFF > 5.5% (NAFLD) and BMI of 25–40 kg/m2. | | Lipid profile Sugar and insulin resistance Plasma levels of DHA, EPA and Oxidative stress biomarkers MRI |
Hu, 2015, China | Patients who are pathologically diagnosed NAFLD, aged 20–60 years old | | LFT Lipid profile and insulin resistance Abdominal ultrasound Histologic assessment |
Janczyk, 2015, Poland | - (1)
Overweight or obese patients aged between 5 and 19 years - (2)
ALT activity ≥ 1.3 times the ULN - (3)
Presence of NAFLD by ultrasound or histology | | Anthropometric measurements LFT Lipid profile and insulin resistance Abdominal ultrasound |
Kong, 2011, China | NAFLD patients | A: (n = 20) PUFA of seal oil for (4 g, composed of EPA, DPA, DHA, each over 25%) for 6 months B: (n = 20) placebo (olive oil)
| LFT Lipid profile CT of abdomen |
Li, 2015, China | Patients pathologically diagnosed with NASH | | Anthropometric measurements LFT Lipid profile Histological evaluation |
Moulder, 2013 (Abstract), USA | NASH, proven by histology | | NASH biomarkers Insulin and lipid profile tests Erythrocyte fatty acid levels MRI of abdomen Liver biopsy and histological evaluation |
Nogueira, 2016, Brazil | People with a proven histological diagnosis of NASH. | A: (n = 27) Omega 3 fatty acids (0.315 g per capsules, 3 capsules daily) B: (n = 23) Mineral oil (2 mL per capsules)
| Liver histopathology, biochemical tests, and anthropometric data |
Oscarsson 2018, Sweden | 40–75 years old, BMI of 25–40, TG ≥ 150 mg/dL, PDFF-MRI ≥ 5.5%. | | Anthropometric measurements Glucose and insulin resistance Lipid profile LFT MRI of liver |
Pacifico, 2015, Italy | Age < 18 years; BMI > 85th percentile elevated ALT level; MRI-diagnosed NAFLD; liver biopsy consistent with NAFLD | | Anthropometric measurements Lipid profile and insulin resistance LFT Abdominal MRI Echocardiographic parameters Liver biopsy |
Parker, 2019, Australia | Men aged from 18 to 60 years, BMI 25.0~29.9 and WC > 94 cm | A: (n = 25) Fish oil group consume 4 × 500 mg capsules (588 mg EPA and 412 mg DHA), for 3 months B: (n = 25) placebo group use 4 × 500 mg capsules containing olive oil
| Anthropometric assessment Lipid profile LFT Omega-3 Index MRI and proton MRS |
Qin, 2015, China | NAFLD patients with hyperlipidemia | A: (n = 36) Fish oil group, 728 mg of EPA and 516 mg of DHA for 3 months B: (n = 34) corn oil, each contained no EPA or DHA
| Anthropometric parameters Lipid profile and sugar Insulin resistance LFT, kidney parameters Serum cytokines |
Sanyal, 2014, North America | Patients with biopsy-confirmed NASH | | LFT Serum lipids and insulin resistance Liver biopsy and histological evaluation |
Scorletti, 2014, North America | NAFLD patients confirmed by image or histology | | Anthropometric parameters LFT Serum lipid tests and glucose level Fibrosis markers Quantification of erythrocyte enrichment with DHA + EPA MRI of abdomen |
Sofi, 2010, Italy | Patients with NAFLD characterized by ultrasonography | | Anthropometric parameters Physical activity Liver enzymes Serum lipids and insulin resistance Oxidative stress markers Fatty liver evaluation |
Song, 2020, China | Adult participants diagnosed fatty liver by ultrasound and were dyslipidemic status | | Anthropometric measurements Liver enzymes Serum lipids and glucose level CT examination Cytokine determination Serum DHA and EPA concentration analysis |
Spadaro, 2008, Italy | NAFLD patients diagnosed by ultrasonography with increased in ALT levels for ≥6 months | | Anthropometric measurements Liver enzymes Serum lipids and insulin resistance Ultrasound |
Tobin, 2018, USA | Adults with NAFLD and BMI between 18–39.9 kg/m2 | A: (n = 81) 1380 mg EPA and 1140 mg DHA, respectively, for 6 months B: (n = 86) placebo as olive oil
| Anthropometric data LFT Lipid profile RBC fatty acid content: RBC EPA + DHA, EPA, and DHA Values MRI-PDFF liver fat percentage |
Zhu, 2008, China | Patients (age 18–65) with NAFLD with dyslipidemia, elevated liver enzymes | | Anthropometric data LFT Lipid profile Liver ultrasonography |