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Nutrients
Volume 12
Issue 6
10.3390/nu12061759
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Article

Relationship between Diet, Menstrual Pain and other Menstrual Characteristics among Spanish Students

by
María Dolores Onieva-Zafra
1,†,
Elia Fernández-Martínez
2,*,†,
Ana Abreu-Sánchez
2,
María Teresa Iglesias-López
3,
Francisca María García-Padilla
2,
Miguel Pedregal-González
2,4 and
María Laura Parra-Fernández
1
1
Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, University of Castilla-La-Mancha, Ciudad Real, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
2
Department of Nursing, University of Huelva, 21004 Huelva, Spain
3
Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Crta. Pozuelo-Majadahonda km 1,800, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
4
Multiprofessional Unit of Family and Community Care of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Nutrients 2020, 12(6), 1759; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061759
Submission received: 28 May 2020 / Revised: 9 June 2020 / Accepted: 11 June 2020 / Published: 12 June 2020
Versions Notes

Abstract

This study sought to describe and compare adherence to the Mediterranean diet and consumption of local foods from the Huelva region among Spanish university women in relation to menstrual pain and other menstrual characteristics. This cross-sectional study included 311 health science students. The study variables were sociodemographic and gynecologic characteristics, adherence to the Mediterranean diet using the KIDMED questionnaire, alcohol consumption (SDU) and consumption of local food. A descriptive bivariate analysis and multiple binary regression were performed for menstrual pain. Up to 55.3% of participants had moderate adherence to the Mediterranean diet and only 29.6% had high adherence. Women with low adherence had longer menstrual cycles (p < 0.01). Eating less than two pieces of fruit per day (OR = 3.574; 95%CI = 1.474–8.665; p < 0.05) and eating pulses more than one day a week (OR = 2.320; 95%CI = 1.006–5.348) raised the probability of suffering menstrual pain. A positive correlation between SDU and cycle length was identified (r = 0.119, p = 0.038), and menstrual bleeding was lower in women who consumed olive oil daily (p = 0.044). In conclusion, the Mediterranean diet, alcohol consumption and consuming typical foods from southern Spain appear to influence cycle length, menstrual flow and menstrual pain. Further research is necessary to confirm and expand these findings.
Keywords: Mediterranean diet; woman; menstrual disorder Mediterranean diet; woman; menstrual disorder

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MDPI and ACS Style

Onieva-Zafra, M.D.; Fernández-Martínez, E.; Abreu-Sánchez, A.; Iglesias-López, M.T.; García-Padilla, F.M.; Pedregal-González, M.; Parra-Fernández, M.L. Relationship between Diet, Menstrual Pain and other Menstrual Characteristics among Spanish Students. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1759. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061759

AMA Style

Onieva-Zafra MD, Fernández-Martínez E, Abreu-Sánchez A, Iglesias-López MT, García-Padilla FM, Pedregal-González M, Parra-Fernández ML. Relationship between Diet, Menstrual Pain and other Menstrual Characteristics among Spanish Students. Nutrients. 2020; 12(6):1759. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061759

Chicago/Turabian Style

Onieva-Zafra, María Dolores, Elia Fernández-Martínez, Ana Abreu-Sánchez, María Teresa Iglesias-López, Francisca María García-Padilla, Miguel Pedregal-González, and María Laura Parra-Fernández. 2020. "Relationship between Diet, Menstrual Pain and other Menstrual Characteristics among Spanish Students" Nutrients 12, no. 6: 1759. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061759

APA Style

Onieva-Zafra, M. D., Fernández-Martínez, E., Abreu-Sánchez, A., Iglesias-López, M. T., García-Padilla, F. M., Pedregal-González, M., & Parra-Fernández, M. L. (2020). Relationship between Diet, Menstrual Pain and other Menstrual Characteristics among Spanish Students. Nutrients, 12(6), 1759. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061759

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