Effect of Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Supplementation on Offspring Neurodevelopment at 12 Months in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Khandelwal, Shweta; Kondal, Dimple; Chaudhry, Monica; Patil, Kamal; Swamy, Mallaiah Kenchaveeraiah; Metgud, Deepa; Jogalekar, Sandesh; Kamate, Mahesh; Divan, Gauri; Gupta, Ruby; Prabhakaran, Dorairaj; Tandon, Nikhil; Ramakrishnan, Usha; Stein, Aryeh D.

doi:10.3390/nu12103041

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Effect of Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Supplementation on Offspring Neurodevelopment at 12 Months in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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Mallaiah Kenchaveeraiah Swamy

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Public Health Foundation of India, 47, Sector 44, Institutional area, Gurugram, Haryana 122003, India

Centre for Chronic Disease Control, C-1/52, 2nd Floor, Safdarjung Development Area, New Delhi 110016, India

KAHER’s JN Medical College, JNMC KLE University Campus, Nehru Nagar, Belgaum, Karnataka 590010, India

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KAHER’s Institute of Physiotherapy, JNMC KLE University Campus, Nehru Nagar, Belgaum, Karnataka 590010, India

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Sangath, C-1/52, Block C 1, Bhim Nagri, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India

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Sangath Goa, H No 451 (168), Bhatkar Waddo, Socorro, Porvorium, Bardez, Goa 403501, India

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All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sri Aurobindo Marg, New Delhi 110029, India

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Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Nutrients 2020, 12(10), 3041; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12103041

Received: 14 August 2020 / Revised: 22 September 2020 / Accepted: 23 September 2020 / Published: 3 October 2020

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maternal DHA Impact on Child Neurodevelopment)

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Abstract

Intake of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA 22:6n-3) is very low among Indian pregnant women. Maternal supplementation during pregnancy and lactation may benefit offspring neurodevelopment. We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to test the effectiveness of supplementing pregnant Indian women (singleton gestation) from ≤20 weeks through 6 months postpartum with 400 mg/d algal DHA compared to placebo on neurodevelopment of their offspring at 12 months. Of 3379 women screened, 1131 were found eligible; 957 were randomized. The primary outcome was infant neurodevelopment at 12 months, assessed using the Development Assessment Scale for Indian Infants (DASII). Both groups were well balanced on sociodemographic variables at baseline. More than 72% of women took >90% of their assigned treatment. Twenty-five serious adverse events (SAEs), none related to the intervention, (DHA group = 16; placebo = 9) were noted. Of 902 live births, 878 were followed up to 12 months; the DASII was administered to 863 infants. At 12 months, the mean development quotient (DQ) scores in the DHA and placebo groups were not statistically significant (96.6 ± 12.2 vs. 97.1 ± 13.0, p = 0.60). Supplementing mothers through pregnancy and lactation with 400 mg/d DHA did not impact offspring neurodevelopment at 12 months of age in this setting. View Full-Text

Keywords: maternal supplementation; pregnancy; lactation; docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); neurodevelopment; randomized controlled trial (RCT); India

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Khandelwal, S.; Kondal, D.; Chaudhry, M.; Patil, K.; Swamy, M.K.; Metgud, D.; Jogalekar, S.; Kamate, M.; Divan, G.; Gupta, R.; Prabhakaran, D.; Tandon, N.; Ramakrishnan, U.; Stein, A.D. Effect of Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Supplementation on Offspring Neurodevelopment at 12 Months in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2020, 12, 3041. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12103041

AMA Style

Khandelwal S, Kondal D, Chaudhry M, Patil K, Swamy MK, Metgud D, Jogalekar S, Kamate M, Divan G, Gupta R, Prabhakaran D, Tandon N, Ramakrishnan U, Stein AD. Effect of Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Supplementation on Offspring Neurodevelopment at 12 Months in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2020; 12(10):3041. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12103041

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khandelwal, Shweta, Dimple Kondal, Monica Chaudhry, Kamal Patil, Mallaiah K. Swamy, Deepa Metgud, Sandesh Jogalekar, Mahesh Kamate, Gauri Divan, Ruby Gupta, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Nikhil Tandon, Usha Ramakrishnan, and Aryeh D. Stein. 2020. "Effect of Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Supplementation on Offspring Neurodevelopment at 12 Months in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial" Nutrients 12, no. 10: 3041. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12103041

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