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Nutrients
Volume 11
Issue 9
10.3390/nu11092002
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Article

The Effect of Hypo-Hydration on Mood and Cognition Is Influenced by Electrolyte in a Drink and Its Colour: A Randomised Trial

by
Alecia L. Cousins
,
Hayley A. Young
,
Andrew G. Thomas
and
David Benton
*
Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2019, 11(9), 2002; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092002
Received: 17 July 2019 / Revised: 15 August 2019 / Accepted: 20 August 2019 / Published: 24 August 2019
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Abstract

Traditionally, it has been thought necessary to lose 2% of body mass due to dehydration to disrupt functioning, although recently, adverse effects have been reported, with a loss of 0.5%–0.7%. It is, however, unclear whether the response to small reductions in mass reflects dehydration as homeostatic mechanisms are thought to be effective. As psychological responses are most commonly reported, it is strange that the possibility of a placebo response has not been considered. Individuals were therefore subject to a temperature of 30 °C for three hours, and mood and cognition were monitored. To consider changes in hydration status, drinks were compared, differing in their ability to rehydrate due to the presence or absence of electrolytes. The possibility of a placebo response was considered by comparing the response to plain or coloured water. Not drinking was disruptive, although a combination of plain water and electrolyte tended to be the most effective means of preventing a decline in mood, indicating a role for rehydration after a loss of 0.66% body mass. There was, however, also evidence of a placebo response: a combination of plain water and electrolyte tended to be better able to prevent a decline in mood than coloured water and electrolyte. View Full-Text
Keywords: anxiety; cognition; colour of drink; dehydration; electrolyte; fluid intake; mood; placebo; rehydration anxiety; cognition; colour of drink; dehydration; electrolyte; fluid intake; mood; placebo; rehydration
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MDPI and ACS Style

Cousins, A.L.; Young, H.A.; Thomas, A.G.; Benton, D. The Effect of Hypo-Hydration on Mood and Cognition Is Influenced by Electrolyte in a Drink and Its Colour: A Randomised Trial. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2002. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092002

AMA Style

Cousins AL, Young HA, Thomas AG, Benton D. The Effect of Hypo-Hydration on Mood and Cognition Is Influenced by Electrolyte in a Drink and Its Colour: A Randomised Trial. Nutrients. 2019; 11(9):2002. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092002

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cousins, Alecia L., Hayley A. Young, Andrew G. Thomas, and David Benton. 2019. "The Effect of Hypo-Hydration on Mood and Cognition Is Influenced by Electrolyte in a Drink and Its Colour: A Randomised Trial" Nutrients 11, no. 9: 2002. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092002

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