Impact of Donor Human Milk in the Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Gut Transcriptome Profile by Use of Exfoliated Intestinal Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Patients’ Characteristics
2.2. Real-Time RT-PCR Validation
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patients’ Characteristics
3.2. PCA of Gene Expression from EEIC of Preterm Infants
3.3. EEIC Transcriptome Analysis in the OMM Versus DHM Groups
3.4. Biological Analysis
3.5. Biomarkers in Preterm Infants According to Type of Nutrition
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations and Acronyms
ROP | Retinopathy of prematurity |
BPD | Bronchopulmonary dysplasia |
NEC | Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
PVL | Periventricular leucomalacia |
FR | Free Radicals |
ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
OMM | Own Mother’s Milk |
DHM | Donor Human Milk |
FM | Formula Milk |
HM | Human Milk |
DEG | Differentially expressed genes |
BW | Birth Weight |
GA | Gestational Age |
WHO | World Health Organization |
EEIC | Exfoliated epithelial intestinal cells |
COX1 | Cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 |
NCF1 | Neutrophil Cytosolic Factor 1 |
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OMM (N = 27) | DHM (N = 20) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
GA weeks, (median; 5–95% CI) | 29 (28–30) | 30 (29–31) | 0.07 |
Antenatal Steroids full course, n (%) | 25 (92.6) | 20 (100) | 0.21 |
Sex male, n (%) | 21 (77.7) | 11 (55) | 0.1 |
Type of delivery, n (%) | |||
- Vaginal | 13 (48.1) | 10 (50) | 0.9 |
- C- Section | 14 (51.8) | 10 (50) | |
Birth weight (g), mean (SD) | 1206 (264) | 1315 (193) | 0.22 |
Apgar 1 min (median; 5–95% CI) | 7 (6–9) | 7 (6–9) | 0.48 |
Apgar 5 min (median; 5–95% CI) | 9 (8–19) | 9 (8–9) | 0.28 |
Age (d) at sample collection, (median; 5–95% CI) | 9 (7–11) | 8 (6–10) | 0.52 |
Chorioamnionitis, n (%) | 4 (14.8) | 2 (10) | 0.62 |
Persistent ductus arteriosus, n (%) | 8 (29.6) | 6 (30) | 0.98 |
Antibiotic therapy, n (%) | 11 (40.7) | 6 (30) | 0.45 |
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, n (%) | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 0.38 |
Intraventricular hemorrhage, n (%) | 6 (22.2) | 3 (15) | 0.53 |
Necrotizing enterocolitis, n (%) | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 0.38 |
Retinopathy of prematurity, n (%) | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 0.38 |
Gene Symbol | Gene Name | Fold-Change | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
LALBA | Lactalbumin alpha | 2.9 | 0.002 |
CSN3 | Casein kappa | 2.6 | 0.002 |
CSN2 | Casein beta | 2.1 | 0.009 |
COX1 | Cytochrome C oxidase subunit1 | 2.1 | 0.030 |
CSN1S1 | Casein alpha-s1 | 1.7 | 0.008 |
NCF1 | Neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 | −1.6 | 0.040 |
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Parra-Llorca, A.; Gormaz, M.; Lorente-Pozo, S.; Cernada, M.; García-Robles, A.; Torres-Cuevas, I.; Kuligowski, J.; Collado, M.C.; Serna, E.; Vento, M. Impact of Donor Human Milk in the Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Gut Transcriptome Profile by Use of Exfoliated Intestinal Cells. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2677. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112677
Parra-Llorca A, Gormaz M, Lorente-Pozo S, Cernada M, García-Robles A, Torres-Cuevas I, Kuligowski J, Collado MC, Serna E, Vento M. Impact of Donor Human Milk in the Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Gut Transcriptome Profile by Use of Exfoliated Intestinal Cells. Nutrients. 2019; 11(11):2677. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112677
Chicago/Turabian StyleParra-Llorca, Anna, María Gormaz, Sheila Lorente-Pozo, Maria Cernada, Ana García-Robles, Isabel Torres-Cuevas, Julia Kuligowski, Maria Carmen Collado, Eva Serna, and Máximo Vento. 2019. "Impact of Donor Human Milk in the Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Gut Transcriptome Profile by Use of Exfoliated Intestinal Cells" Nutrients 11, no. 11: 2677. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112677