French Recommendations for Sugar Intake in Adults: A Novel Approach Chosen by ANSES
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Physiology Department, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Centre Métabolique, Hôpital Intercantonal de la Broye, 1470 Estavayer-le-lac, Switzerland
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CarMeN laboratory, Univ-Lyon, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, INSA Lyon, BP12, F69921 Oullins CEDEX, France
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UMR Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France
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UMR Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, INRA, Université de Nantes, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes CEDEX 1, France
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Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie, Inserm Campus Hospitalier Val d’Aurelle, 34298 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
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Nutrition Risk Assessment Unit, Risk Assessment Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), F94701 Maisons-Alfort, France
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Pédiatrie-Gastro-Entérologie, Hépatologie, Nutrition et Diabétologie Pôle enfants Hôpital des Enfants 330, Avenue de Grande Bretagne-TSA 70034-31059 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France
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Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, F75013 Paris, France
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Faculté de médecine René Descartes Paris V, avenue de l’école de médecine 15, F75006 Paris, France
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UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2018, 10(8), 989; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10080989
Received: 8 June 2018
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Revised: 18 July 2018
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Accepted: 26 July 2018
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Published: 29 July 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fructose and Glucose for Human Health)
This article presents a systematic review of the scientific evidence linking sugar consumption and health in the adult population performed by a group of experts, mandated by the French Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement, et du travail (ANSES). A literature search was performed by crossing search terms for overweight/obesity, diabetes/insulin resistance, dyslipidemia/cardiovascular diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD), and uric acid concentrations on one hand and for intake of sugars on the other. Controlled mechanistic studies, prospective cohort studies, and randomized clinical trials were extracted and assessed. A literature analysis supported links between sugar intake and both total energy intake and body weight gain, and between sugar intake and blood triglycerides independently of total energy intake. The effects of sugar on blood triglycerides were shown to be mediated by the fructose component of sucrose and were observed with an intake of fructose >50 g/day. In addition, prospective cohort studies showed associations between sugar intake and the risk of diabetes/insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, NAFLD, and hyperuricemia. Based on these observations, ANSES proposed to set a maximum limit to the intake of total sugars containing fructose (sucrose, glucose–fructose syrups, honey or other syrups, and natural concentrates, etc.) of 100 g/day.
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Keywords:
dietary guidelines; cardiovascular diseases; obesity; type 2 diabetes; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; non-communicable diseases
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MDPI and ACS Style
Tappy, L.; Morio, B.; Azzout-Marniche, D.; Champ, M.; Gerber, M.; Houdart, S.; Mas, E.; Rizkalla, S.; Slama, G.; Mariotti, F.; Margaritis, I. French Recommendations for Sugar Intake in Adults: A Novel Approach Chosen by ANSES. Nutrients 2018, 10, 989. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10080989
AMA Style
Tappy L, Morio B, Azzout-Marniche D, Champ M, Gerber M, Houdart S, Mas E, Rizkalla S, Slama G, Mariotti F, Margaritis I. French Recommendations for Sugar Intake in Adults: A Novel Approach Chosen by ANSES. Nutrients. 2018; 10(8):989. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10080989
Chicago/Turabian StyleTappy, Luc, Béatrice Morio, Dalila Azzout-Marniche, Martine Champ, Mariette Gerber, Sabine Houdart, Emmanuel Mas, Salwa Rizkalla, Gérard Slama, François Mariotti, and Irène Margaritis. 2018. "French Recommendations for Sugar Intake in Adults: A Novel Approach Chosen by ANSES" Nutrients 10, no. 8: 989. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10080989
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