Lactase Persistence, Milk Intake, and Adult Acne: A Mendelian Randomization Study of 20,416 Danish Adults
by
Christian R. Juhl 1
, Helle K. M. Bergholdt 2, Iben M. Miller 3, Gregor B. E. Jemec 3, Jørgen K. Kanters 1,* and Christina Ellervik 2,4,5,6,*
Christian R. Juhl 1, Helle K. M. Bergholdt 2, Iben M. Miller 3, Gregor B. E. Jemec 3, Jørgen K. Kanters 1,* and Christina Ellervik 2,4,5,6,*
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
2
Department of Production, Research, and Innovation, Region Zealand, 4180 Sorø, Denmark
3
Department of Dermatology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
4
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
5
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
6
Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2018, 10(8), 1041; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10081041
Received: 15 July 2018 / Revised: 30 July 2018 / Accepted: 3 August 2018 / Published: 8 August 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Chronic Conditions)
Whether there is a causal relationship between milk intake and acne is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that genetically determined milk intake is associated with acne in adults using a Mendelian randomization design. LCT-13910 C/T (rs4988235) is associated with lactase persistence (TT/TC) in Northern Europeans. We investigated the association between milk intake, LCT-13910 C/T (rs4988235), and acne in 20,416 adults (age-range: 20–96) from The Danish General Suburban Population Study (GESUS). The adjusted observational odds ratio for acne in any milk intake vs. no milk intake was 0.93(95% confidence interval: 0.48–1.78) in females and 0.49(0.22–1.08) in males aged 20–39 years, and 1.15(95% confidence interval: 0.66–1.99) in females and 1.02(0.61–1.72) in males above 40 years. The unadjusted odds ratio for acne in TT+TC vs. CC was 0.84(0.43–1.62) in the age group 20–39 years, and 0.99(0.52–1.88) above 40 years. We did not find any observational or genetic association between milk intake and acne in our population of adults.
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Keywords:
acne; acne vulgaris; milk; dairy; diet; Mendelian randomization; adults
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MDPI and ACS Style
Juhl, C.R.; Bergholdt, H.K.M.; Miller, I.M.; Jemec, G.B.E.; Kanters, J.K.; Ellervik, C. Lactase Persistence, Milk Intake, and Adult Acne: A Mendelian Randomization Study of 20,416 Danish Adults. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1041.
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