Lysophosphatidic Acid Signaling in Obesity and Insulin Resistance
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, E2L 4L5 Canada
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Nutrients 2018, 10(4), 399; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10040399
Received: 31 January 2018 / Revised: 13 March 2018 / Accepted: 20 March 2018 / Published: 23 March 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrients, Bioactives and Insulin Resistance)
Although simple in structure, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a potent bioactive lipid that profoundly influences cellular signaling and function upon binding to G protein-coupled receptors (LPA1-6). The majority of circulating LPA is produced by the secreted enzyme autotaxin (ATX). Alterations in LPA signaling, in conjunction with changes in autotaxin (ATX) expression and activity, have been implicated in metabolic and inflammatory disorders including obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes our current understanding of the sources and metabolism of LPA with focus on the influence of diet on circulating LPA. Furthermore, we explore how the ATX-LPA pathway impacts obesity and obesity-associated disorders, including impaired glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease.
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Keywords:
lysophosphatidic acid; lysophospholipids; autotaxin; obesity; insulin resistance; adipocytes; cardiovascular disease; diet
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MDPI and ACS Style
D’Souza, K.; Paramel, G.V.; Kienesberger, P.C. Lysophosphatidic Acid Signaling in Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Nutrients 2018, 10, 399.
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