The Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Sleep Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Department of the College of Public Health, Qingdao University, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China
2
Department of the medical college of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2018, 10(10), 1395; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101395
Received: 7 July 2018
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Revised: 25 August 2018
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Accepted: 10 September 2018
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Published: 1 October 2018
Epidemiology studies have investigated the association between vitamin D and the risk of sleep disorders, but the results remain controversial. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis with the goal of clarifying the association between vitamin D and sleep disorders risk. All relevant studies were searched using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from inception to January 2018. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) were calculated using a fixed-effect model A total of nine studies (6 cross-sectional, 2 case-control, and 1 cohort studies) involving 9397 participants were included. By comparing the lowest verse highest levels of serum vitamin D, we found that participants with vitamin D deficiency (VDD) had a significantly increased risk of sleep disorders (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.31, 1.72). Subgroup analysis showed that VDD also was associated with poor sleep quality (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.05), short sleep duration (OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.30, 2.32), and sleepiness (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.65). Subgroup analyses further indicated that serum 25(OH)D <20 ng/mL could significantly increase the risk of unhealthy sleep. This meta-analysis suggest that vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher risk of sleep disorders. More high-quality cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to verify this association.
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Keywords:
vitamin D; serum 25(OH)D; sleep; sleep quality; sleep duration; sleep disorders
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MDPI and ACS Style
Gao, Q.; Kou, T.; Zhuang, B.; Ren, Y.; Dong, X.; Wang, Q. The Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Sleep Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1395. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101395
AMA Style
Gao Q, Kou T, Zhuang B, Ren Y, Dong X, Wang Q. The Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Sleep Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2018; 10(10):1395. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101395
Chicago/Turabian StyleGao, Qi, Tingyan Kou, Bin Zhuang, Yangyang Ren, Xue Dong, and Qiuzhen Wang. 2018. "The Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Sleep Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Nutrients 10, no. 10: 1395. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101395
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